克罗夫特花园

克罗夫特花园
The Croft Garden

设计理念与可持续性：“克罗夫特花园”项目体现了对场地环境的深刻理解和尊重。项目巧妙地将旧杆式谷仓改造成有围墙的花园，在单一作物轮作的农田中创造了一个充满生机的生态系统。这种改造并非简单的功能置换，而是对现有建筑材料的再利用，最大限度地减少了新材料的运输和使用，体现了设计师对可持续发展理念的深刻理解。项目通过这种方式，将废弃的农业设施转化为富有生命力的空间，是对场地文脉的尊重和呼应，也为同类项目提供了极具借鉴意义的案例。

空间营造与场地融合：项目在空间营造上展现了极高的专业水准。通过将谷仓的墙壁降低，保留山墙屋顶的残余，设计师创造了一个既开敞又具有围合感的空间。这种设计手法在遮挡风力的同时，也限定了视线，形成了独特的空间体验。植物的选择和布局更是锦上添花，多样化的植物种类和颜色，与周围的农田、草地形成了鲜明对比，营造出丰富的视觉层次。蜿蜒的路径、低矮的树冠，以及雪松墙上的滑动门，都体现了设计师对细节的极致追求，使花园与周围环境融为一体。

社会价值与社区互动：“克罗夫特花园”项目超越了单纯的景观设计，更注重其社会价值和社区功能。项目旨在为家庭创造一个休闲聚会场所，通过花园的形式，鼓励人们走出数字世界，回归自然。此外，项目还设计了一个“切割花园”，允许居民分享花卉，促进邻里之间的交流与互动。这种设计理念，将花园从私人的休闲空间，拓展为社区共享的场所，体现了设计师对社区生活的关注和对人际关系的思考，赋予了项目更深层次的社会意义，展现了建筑设计对社会进步的积极作用。

Special Mention by the LILA 2024 Jury

术语croft是指一个小型农业单位，通常是一个封闭的田地，是园艺发挥重要作用的传统的一部分。克罗夫特花园通过将一个杆式谷仓改造成一个有围墙的花园，在一片单一作物轮作地中通过园艺来集中和支持多种物种。墙壁的[…]
The term croft refers to a small agricultural unit, usually an enclosed field, and is part of a tradition in which gardening plays an essential role. The Croft Garden centers and champions manifold species through horticulture amid a sea of single-crop rotation fields, by transforming a pole-barn into a walled garden. The walls of the […]

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术语croft是指一个小型农业单位，通常是一个封闭的田地，是园艺发挥重要作用的传统的一部分。克罗夫特花园通过将一个杆式谷仓改造成一个有围墙的花园，在一片单一作物轮作地中通过园艺来集中和支持多种物种。谷仓的墙壁被削减到6.5英尺，山墙屋顶的残余部分为伊利诺伊州德斯普兰斯河附近数英亩的休耕地提供了喘息的机会。虽然挑战在于用储藏棚创造一个华丽的花园，但该设计保持了全场地适应性再利用的精神，同时与农场的遗产和乡土建立了牢固的联系。
The term croft refers to a small agricultural unit, usually an enclosed field, and is part of a tradition in which gardening plays an essential role. The Croft Garden centers and champions manifold species through horticulture amid a sea of single-crop rotation fields, by transforming a pole-barn into a walled garden. The walls of the barn are cut to 6.5 feet, and a remnant of the gabled roof provides respite from the winds that sweep across acres of fallow fields adjacent to the Des Plaines River in Illinois. While the challenge is to create a florific garden out of a storage shed, the design maintains the ethos of site-wide adaptive reuse while establishing a strong connection to the heritage and vernacular of the farm.

在伊利诺伊州这个半农业、前城市地区，几十年来与工业化农业相关的不适应土地利用塑造了景观。过度的机械、深沟和排水基础设施对日常生活产生了深远的影响，导致了一个庞大、脱节的社区。这个项目为大家庭创造了一个休息区，一个有助于缩短距离的聚会场所。该设计旨在通过增加一个四季都舒适的重要户外空间来改变日常生活。一个用于亲密对话、游戏、大型聚会和派对的空间，也是一个简单地鼓励在天空下、户外和远离数字屏幕的生活的空间。Croft不仅仅是一个室外房间，也是一个切割花园，这样家庭就可以把花园的一部分带回家，或者向邻居和朋友献上花束，他们也可以自由地来花园切割、照料和交换。
In this part of semi-agricultural, ex-urban Illinois, the landscape is contoured by decades of maladaptive land-use associated with industrial agriculture. The over-scaled machinery, deep furrows, and drainage infrastructure have a profound impact on daily life, resulting in a sprawling, disconnected community. This project creates an area of respite for an extended family, a meeting place that helps bridge distances. The design sets out to transform daily practices, by adding a significant outdoor space that is comfortable in all seasons. A space for intimate conversations, games, large gatherings and parties, as well as a space to simply encourage life under the sky, out of doors and away from digital screens. More than an outdoor room, the Croft is also a cutting garden, so that families can take a piece of the garden home or offer bouquets to neighbors and friends who are also free to come and cut, tend, and exchange in the garden.

客户、景观设计师和建筑师之间的密切合作为新的花园空间提供了一种新颖的解决方案，该方案限制了新材料在现场内外的运输：拆除和再利用现有的木框架杆谷仓。当12个桁架被重新用于新的车库结构时，切割的残余物被加盖并改造成花园墙。其余的桁架和屋顶可以抵御风荷载，并保护其免受阳光和其他因素的影响。所有剩余的材料都漆成黑色，这样从房产的其他部分看时，超大的结构就会退缩。东立面在没有特拉斯的情况下结构受损，被重建为带屋顶储藏室的雪松墙，一个小入口门凹陷在一个角落里，滑动雪松门被建造成适合花园墙南北两侧现有的开口，可以看到周围草地的景色，并鼓励气流。勘探性开挖和土壤测试表明，现有的垫层在压实后由不同且干净的砾石、砂和粘壤土层组成；一块125'x 55'的区域被挖掘到30英寸的深度，材料在现场与55立方码的堆肥混合，然后回填到位。对改良后的填料进行了微观分级，以便从中心路径和露台区域排水。
A close collaboration between the client, landscape architect, and architect resulted in a novel solution for a new garden space that limited the hauling of new material on and off site: unbuilding and reusing the existing timber-frame pole barn. While 12 trusses were repurposed for a new garage structure the cut remnants were capped and transformed into garden walls. The remaining trusses and roof shield against wind load and protect from sun and other elements. All remnant material is painted black, allowing the outsize structure to recede when viewed from other parts of the property. The eastern façade, structurally compromised without a truss, was rebuilt as a cedar wall with roofed storage, a small entry gate was recessed in once corner, and sliding cedar gates were constructed to fit existing openings on the north and south sides of the garden walls, framing views of the surrounding meadows and encouraging airflow. Exploratory excavation and soil testing revealed that the existing pad, while compacted, was composed of distinct and clean layers of gravel, sand, and clay loam; an area of 125’ x 55’ was excavated to a depth of 30”, the material mixed onsite with 55 cubic yards of compost and infilled back into place. The amended fill was micro-graded for drainage away from the central path and patio area.

三根单茎、6英寸厚的山楂固定着花园，充满活力的草本植物飘过主曲线路径，引导着穿过克罗夫特的运动。从Croft的外面只能看到Crataegus檐篷的顶部，这暗示了立面黑色墙壁内可能隐藏着什么。在设计过程中，树木的位置与路径的形式相结合；低矮的分支和蔓延的树冠沿着弯曲、交织的走道形成的重叠和层次，引导和遮蔽了视线。当地品种、直种本地品种、花园经典、园艺引种和一些可食用的多年生植物的混合，都是由距离该地点75英里以内的苗圃种植的，决定了克罗夫特的不同颜色和质地。华丽的展示与周围田野、草地和湿地的微妙和广阔形成了鲜明对比。
Three single-stem, 6” caliper Crataegus anchor the garden and vibrant herbaceous drifts cross the main curvilinear path, guiding movement through the Croft. Only the tops of the Crataegus canopies can be seen from outside of the Croft, a hint at what might hide within the black walls of the façade. Through the design process the location of the trees was considered in tandem with the form of the path; the low-branching and sprawling canopies directing and obscuring views alongside the overlaps and layers created by the bending, weaving walk. A mix of native cultivars, straight species natives, garden classics, horticultural introductions, and some edible perennials, all grown by nurseries within 75 miles of the site, determine the diverse colors and textures of the Croft. The florific display works in dramatic contrast to the subtlety and expanse of the surrounding fields, meadows, and wetlands.

植物被浇了水，但没有塑料滴灌管；选择具有韧性和抗旱性的物种。在极端干旱的情况下，有三个软管连接。干燥的叶子和种子荚整个冬天都被留下，在春天开始时被剪掉。为了鼓励自播，种植区用覆盖露台区域的豌豆砾石覆盖。与任何花园一样，植物会四处移动，有些是偶然的，有些是在鸟类和昆虫的帮助下移动的，有些则是在芽萌发后立即移植的。随着当地物种在克罗夫特变得强壮，它们被分割并移植到周围的景观中，继续繁殖并使长期的场地适应永久化。
Plants were watered in but there is no plastic dripline; species were selected for toughness and drought-resistance. Three hose connections exist in the event of extreme drought. Dried foliage and seed pods are left all winter and cut back at the start of spring. To encourage self-seeding, planted areas are mulched with the same pea gravel that covers the patio areas. As with any garden, plants move around, some by chance or with the help of birds and insects, others are transplanted right after budbreak. As native species become robust in the Croft they are divided and transplanted into the surrounding landscape, continuing to propagate and perpetuate the long-term site adaptation.