费辛公园 - 园林吧

费辛公园
Feyssine Park

亮点一：尊重自然，以最小干预实现最大化效益。该项目最引人注目的亮点在于其对自然环境的深刻尊重和极简主义的设计理念。在45公顷的场地内，设计者避免了大规模的土方工程和人工设施的堆砌，而是巧妙地利用现有的地形地貌和植被，通过有限的、有针对性的干预，例如雕刻地形、规划路径等，来引导和强化场地的自然特性。这种“受控荒野”的理念，在20世纪末的城市景观设计中具有前瞻性，既保留了场地的自然野性，又满足了公众对开放空间的需要，实现了人与自然的和谐共生。

亮点二：鼓励生物多样性，创造多层次的栖息地。项目在促进生物多样性方面所做的努力是其另一个重要亮点。设计者通过控制割草范围、引入清晰的开放与封闭区域、设置明确的步行路径等方式，营造出多样化的栖息地。这些措施不仅促进了植物的自发再生，还为各种野生动植物提供了生存空间。同时，项目也注重光线的运用和视觉通透性的营造，从而在保障公众安全感的同时，开放了新的森林空间，使得人们能够更深入地体验和感受自然，也让整个公园充满了生机和活力，成为了城市中不可多得的生态绿洲。

亮点三：持久的管理模式，实现公园的持续进化。除了设计本身，该项目在管理模式上的创新也值得称赞。通过与客户维勒班市的合作，项目建立了一支专业的公园管理团队，对场地进行了深入的了解，并持续地进行日常维护。这种持久、适应性强的管理方法，保证了公园在建成后的持续进化和发展。二十多年来，公园不断地进行微调和完善，从而与时俱进地适应城市发展和公众需求的变化。这种管理模式为其他城市公园项目的建设提供了宝贵的经验，确保了其在未来能够保持旺盛的生命力，并持续为城市居民提供高质量的休闲空间。

LILA 2024 Jury Award / Revisited projects

挑战在于在罗纳河沿岸的公园链中创建一个新的公园：一个观察自由自然和开放城市的空间。这里提出的“城市自然公园”将公共功能与场地的自然品质相协调。
The challenge was to create a new park in the chain of the parks on the banks of the River Rhône: a space for observing free nature and the open urban place. The “Urban Nature Park” proposed here reconciles public functions with the great natural quality of the site.

See all LILA recognitions or visit LILA website

这片45公顷的冲积森林就在城市里，距离“黄金公园”和“国际城市”仅一箭之遥。挑战在于在罗纳河沿岸的公园链中创建一个新的公园：一个观察自由自然和开放城市的空间。这里提出的“城市自然公园”将公共功能与场地的自然品质相协调。它在里昂市中心创造了一个自由的空间，一个新的便利设施。
This 45 hectares alluvial forest is right in the city, a stone’s throw from “Tête d’Or Park” and the “Cité Internationale”. The challenge was to create a new park in the chain of the parks on the banks of the River Rhône: a space for observing free nature and the open urban place. The “Urban Nature Park” proposed here reconciles public functions with the great natural quality of the site. It invents a space of freedom, a new amenity right in the middle of the Lyon urban area.

该项目有两个主题：
-研究种植密度：光的穿透和一些路径的布局，作为植物自发再生的因素
–与项目客户维勒班市一起组织一种持久、适应性强的管理方法。
Two themes governed the project:
– Studied density of planting: the penetration of light and the layout of some paths as factors for the spontaneous regeneration of plants.
– The organization of a lasting, adaptable method of management together with the City of Villeurbanne, the project client.

景观设计师成为创意经理，用户成为景观设计师。
The landscape designer becomes a creative manager and the user a landscape designer.

Revisited

拥有20年历史的Parc de la Feysine展示了自城市景观设计发明以来反复出现的悖论：如何增强、发展和延续城市中心100%的自然公共空间。
The 20 years old Parc de la Feyssine illustrates a recurring paradox since the invention of the urban landscape design: How to enhance, develop and perpetuate a 100% natural public space in the heart of the city.

1999年，当比赛开始时，该场地是一块45公顷的冲积棕地，是里昂城区饮用水工业开采的结果，于20世纪70年代废弃。大里昂地方当局随后重新开发了周边大道，并在现场附近修建了T1有轨电车线路，使其可供使用。冲积林最终可以被重新考虑为罗纳河左岸线性景观中一个潜在的开放和重要的自然部分，与历史悠久的金公园（1864年由Frères Bühler设计，占地117公顷）、热兰公园（2000年由Michel Corajud设计，占地100公顷）、国际城市公园（2000年间由Michel Coraljoud和Renzo Piano设计）和罗纳河岸（2007年由in Situ设计，占地5公里）相连。
In 1999, when the competition was launched, the site was a 45-hectare alluvial brownfield site resulting from the industrial extraction of drinking water for the Lyon urban area, abandoned in the 1970s. The Greater Lyon local authority then redeveloped the peripheric boulevard and created the T1 tramway line adjacent to the site, making it accessible. The alluvial forest could finally be reconsidered as a potential open and important natural piece in the linear landscape of the Rhône’s left bank in the continuity of the historic Parc de la Tête d’Or (117 ha, by Frères Bühler in 1864), Parc de Gerland (100 ha, by Michel Corajoud in 2000), Parc de la Cité Internationale (by Michel Corajoud and Renzo Piano in 2000) and the banks of the Rhône (5 km, by In Situ in 2007).

1999

这片被遗忘的冲积森林占地45公顷，河岸近1200米，在这20年里，它已经成为里昂密集城区中心罗纳河上一片未开垦的自然景观和阳台。
This forgotten alluvial forest, covering 45 hectares and almost 1,200 metres of riverbank has become within these 20 years a great piece of untamed nature and a balcony over the Rhône, in the heart of Lyon’s dense urban area.

Frugality and controlled wilderness: A pioneering approach back in 1999

远离21世纪初的景观设计传统，这个公园尝试了简单和自由的激进选择，在向公众开放的同时保持这些自由的自然空间，并将其变成一个真正的城市露天设施。人为干预必须尽量减少，并尊重现有的森林。
Far from the traditions of landscape design of the early 2000s, this park has experimented radical choices of simplicity and freedom, to maintain these free natural spaces while opening them up to the public, and turning them into a genuine urban open-air facility. The human intervention had to be minimal and respectful of the forest in place.

在景观建筑的悠久历史之后，从十七世纪和十八世纪的古典花园到20世纪80年代的高度建筑化的公园，早在1999年，在大都市区的中心拥有一片广阔的自然而几乎不受干预的想法就具有开创性。鼓励某种“受控荒野”的原则涉及构建公园的现有优势，采取最小但有针对性的干预措施，如雕刻地形。在Parc de la Feysine，设计的山谷创造了一个独特的地方，人们可以在公园的地面以下漫步，同时被现有的森林包围。随着时间的推移，设计消失了，变成了景观，体现了这种以自然为中心的叙事原则。
After a long history of landscape architecture, from the classical gardens in the XVIIth and XVIIIth century to the highly-architectured parks of the 1980s, the idea of having an extensive piece of nature with little intervention at the heart of a metropolitan area was, back in 1999, groundbreaking. The principle of encouraging a certain “controlled wilderness” involved framing the existing strengths of the park, with minimal but targeted interventions, such as sculpting topography. In the Parc de la Feyssine, the designed valley creates a unique place where one can wander below the park’s ground level, while being surrounded by the existing forest. Over time, the design disappears and becomes landscape, embodying the principles of this nature-centred narrative.

该项目的极简主义线条
该场地经过重新设计和管理，形成了一个边缘系统，将茂密的林地和大片开阔的草地连接起来，并进行了有限的割草，以帮助生物多样性蓬勃发展。通过利用光线和共视性，开放和封闭区域，引入清晰的切口和有限的人行道，该项目鼓励自发的植物再生和栖息地走廊，同时向公众开放林地中的新空间，并确保安全感。
The project’s minimalist lines
The site has been redesigned and managed as a system of edges, interfacing dense woodland areas and large open meadows, with limited mowing to help biodiversity thrive. By playing with light and co-visibility, with open and closed areas, introducing clear-cuts and limited pedestrian paths, the project encourages spontaneous plant regeneration and habitat corridors, while opening up new spaces in the woodland to the public and ensuring a feeling of safety.

为了保护现有的栖息地和森林的特征，只进行了少量的土方工程，没有进口表层土，没有引入设备，没有停车场，没有家具或用硬景观材料对地面进行矿化，只是一个细致的温和再造林原则。
To protect the existing habitats and the forest’s character, little earthworks were carried out and no topsoil was imported, no equipment was introduced, no car parks, no furniture or mineralisation of the ground with hardscape material, just a meticulous principle of gentle reforestation.

激发好奇心和探索的新线路
沿着罗讷河的长度，可以通过一条简单的土路看到和接近罗讷河，这条土路有通往河流的窗户。罗纳河沿岸的大都市自行车道位于一条沿着树木的中心路线上。从一条新的、略高于地面的、完全笔直的分级使用线可以看到难以进入的林地中心，这条线连接着公园的两个入口：每100米分级的百米步行道。
New lines to spark curiosity and exploration
Along its length, the Rhône can be seen and approached via a simple dirt path with windows onto the river. The metropolitan cycling path along the Rhône takes place on a central route along the trees. The inaccessible heart of the woodlands can be seen from a new, slightly above-ground, perfectly straight and graded line of use, linking the two entrances to the park: the hectometric walk, graded every 100 metres.

一座人行天桥将林荫大道与河流横向连接起来，可以看到树冠和茂密的树叶。最后，环形步道，一个周长1公里的完美圆圈，环绕并突出了杨树林及其兰花草地的重要性。
A footbridge transversely links the boulevard to the river, offering a glimpse of the canopy and the trees’ thick foliage. Finally, the circular walk, a perfect circle 1km in circumference, encircles and highlights the importance of the poplar grove and its orchid meadows.

一个有20年历史的活公园
这些人类痕迹给这片冲积森林留下了深刻的印记，使其成为一片“活的野性”自然，能够在不失去景观的情况下继续进化。
A 20-year-old living park
These human traces finely imprint this alluvial forest with a new status as a “living untamed” piece of nature, capable of continuing to evolve without losing its landscape.

该公园于2001年开放，在建立了一个公园管理团队的基础上进行谈判后，公园的演变才成为一个持久的现实，该团队对场地有深入的了解，并且每天都陪伴着它……二十多年了。
Opened in 2001, the evolutions of the park only became a lasting reality after negotiations based on the establishment of a park management team, with a thorough knowledge of the site and who have accompanied it on a daily basis… for more than twenty years.

由于其雄心勃勃但极简主义的方法，以及在投资方面（相当于10欧元/平方米）但在支持方面要求很高的经济性，Parc de la Feysine证明了市议会和景观设计师之间的共同愿景、热情和成功的伙伴关系，早在1999年，这就表明了人们对尊重和促进城市地区自然环境以造福公众的关注。它仍然是一个公园，在构思25年后，它仍然在生活、成长和繁荣，为整个里昂市区提供了一个宽敞的自然休闲和自由空间。
Because of its approach, both ambitious but minimalist, and economical in terms of investment (equivalent to 10€/m²) but demanding in terms of support, the Parc de la Feyssine is a testimony to a shared vision, enthusiasm and successful partnership between city council and landscape architect that already in 1999, demonstrated the attention paid to respecting and promoting natural environments in urban areas, for the public good. It remains a park which, 25 years after its conception, is still living, growing and thriving, offering a generous natural space for leisure and freedom to the whole Lyon urban area.

Images 1999-2010

Images from 2017-2024

Project Data

客户：维勒班市
景观设计：Ilex[paysage urbaname]（强制性），Cap Vert Ingénierie，Agibat
日期：2001年11月开业
占地面积：45公顷
图片来源：Erick Saillet
Client: Ville de Villeurbanne
Landscape architecture: Ilex [paysage urbanisme] (mandataire), Cap Vert Ingénierie, Agibat
Date: Opened in november 2001
Surface Area: 45 ha
Image Credits: Erick Saillet