阿米莉亚·图伦/索尔多·马达莱诺建筑师

阿米莉亚·图伦/索尔多·马达莱诺建筑师
Amelia Tulum / Sordo Madaleno Arquitectos

尊重自然的巧妙设计：Amelia Tulum项目展现了对场地环境的深刻理解和尊重。建筑师巧妙地将建筑融入了图卢姆特有的丛林景观，避免了突兀的视觉冲击。通过抬高结构，减少了对地面的影响，效仿了玛雅建筑与自然共生的理念。这种设计手法不仅保护了当地的生态环境，也赋予了建筑独特的魅力。项目通过与周边自然环境的和谐共存，展现了建筑师对可持续发展理念的实践和对当地文化的尊重。这种设计策略值得我们学习和借鉴，为未来的建筑设计提供了有益的启示。

空间布局的创新与可持续性：该项目在空间布局上展现了极高的创造力，通过体量的相互交织，创造出丰富的花园、露台和庭院，将公共区域打造成私密空间的延伸。这种设计理念模糊了室内与室外的界限，增强了居住的舒适性和互动性。在可持续性方面，项目充分利用被动式设计，如植被屋檐、天然编织屏风和凉棚，来减少太阳热量的进入，并促进空气流通，从而降低能源消耗。同时，项目采用当地材料和手工工艺，不仅减少了环境负担，也促进了当地经济的发展，展现了建筑师对可持续设计的深刻理解。

材料与工艺的本土化运用：Amelia Tulum项目在材料和工艺的选择上，充分体现了对当地文化的尊重。建筑大量采用了当地材料，如chukum涂层、tzalam木材和jiles编织的格栅，展现了本土材料的独特魅力。这些材料的使用，不仅使建筑与周围环境融为一体，也减少了运输和加工过程中的环境影响。此外，项目还采用了当地的手工工艺，促进了当地经济发展，并赋予了建筑独特的地域特色和文化内涵。这种本土化的材料和工艺运用，使得建筑拥有了独特的个性和灵魂，也为其他建筑设计提供了可贵的经验。

建筑师提供的文字描述住宅项目Amelia Tulum是里维埃拉玛雅发展最快的城区之一，位于Aldea Zamá，由于存在灰岩和丛林，该地区需要提高人们的认识。其目的是与自然环境没有明显的区别，让建筑融入丛林，就像废弃的玛雅建筑一样。
Text description provided by the architects. The residential project Amelia Tulum is part of one of the fastest-growing urban areas in the Riviera Maya, located within Aldea Zamá, a region that requires great awareness due to the presence of cenotes and jungle. The intention is for there to be no perceived difference with the natural environment, allowing the architecture to blend into the jungle, just as abandoned Mayan structures do.

Plan - Ground Floor

Amelia Tulum的概念源于对气候、地形和本土植被自然条件的尊重。拟议的建筑力求对土地的影响最小，通过将结构提升到地面以上来使用最小的占地面积，类似于高跷屋与其自然环境共存的方式。这一决定定义了综合体的所有美学特征。
The concept of Amelia Tulum is born from respect for the natural conditions of the climate, topography, and native vegetation. The proposed construction seeks to have the least impact on the land, using a minimal footprint by elevating the structure above the ground, similar to how a stilt house coexists with its natural surroundings. This decision defined all the aesthetic characteristics of the complex.

在整个地块中，前三个部分容纳了一个与住宅开发共存的精选商业项目，而三个上层则以相反的方向交织在一起，形成了一个棋盘式的格局，在中间的开放空间中形成了露台。
Throughout the plot, the first three sections house a select commercial program that coexists with the residential development, while the three upper levels intertwine in opposite directions, forming a checkerboard pattern that generates terraces in the intermediate open spaces.

由于体量的相互关系，这些开放空间变成了花园、露台和露台，旨在创造特定的自然氛围，让大自然接管建筑，使这些公共区域宜居，仿佛它们是私人区域的延伸。同时，通过阴影的作用来利用和控制巨大的太阳入射。
These open spaces become gardens, terraces, and patios as a result of the interrelationship of the volumes, and are designed to create specific natural atmospheres where nature takes over the architecture, making these common areas livable as if they were an extension of the private areas. At the same time, the great solar incidence is utilized and controlled through a play of shadows.

38套公寓，面积从90平方米到150平方米不等，设有独立通道的露台和卧室，并共享顶层，提供屋顶酒吧、吊床、游泳池、躺椅和烤架等户外设施。
The 38 apartments, ranging from 90 m² to 150 m², feature terraces and bedrooms with independent access, and share the top level, which offers outdoor amenities such as a roof bar, hammocks, swimming pool, sun loungers, and grill.

在图卢姆的热带气候中建造建筑的最大挑战之一是减少太阳热量的增加，最大限度地增加气流，以保持建筑凉爽。各种被动系统，如窗户上方有植被的屋檐、天然编织屏风的保护和凉棚（使用当地称为jiles的木材），提供了该综合体的主要可持续特征。
One of the biggest challenges of building in the tropical climate of Tulum is to reduce solar heat gain and maximize airflow to keep the building cool. Various passive systems, such as eaves with vegetation over the windows, protections with natural woven screens, and pergolas (using local wood known as jiles), provide the main sustainable feature of the complex.

景观设计突出了当地植被，这些植被与建筑的所有楼板接壤，占据了内部走廊，并沿着一楼交织在一起。在施工期间，大部分现有植物将在临时苗圃中受到保护，然后移植到建筑物中。
The landscape design gives prominence to native vegetation, which borders all the slabs of the building, occupies the interior corridors, and intertwines along the ground floor. Much of the existing flora will be protected during construction in a temporary nursery before being transplanted to integrate into the building.

主体结构由钢筋混凝土与后张拉板系统相结合制成，而其他材料和饰面则使用当地手工技术，这也促进了当地经济融入施工过程。所有内表面都涂有chukum，这是一种光滑的水泥基涂层，由当地树木的树液制成；tzalam木材因其耐阳光和潮湿而被使用；所有的格子都是当地工匠用jiles编织的，jiles是一种可以像纤维一样加工的木材。
The main structure is made of reinforced concrete combined with post-tensioned slab systems, while other materials and finishes use local artisanal techniques, which also promotes the incorporation of the local economy into the construction process. All interior surfaces are finished with chukum, a smooth cement-based coating made from the sap of a native tree; tzalam wood is used for its resistance to sun and humidity; and all the lattices are woven by local artisans with jiles, a type of wood that can be worked like fiber.