184社会住房大厦/MCBAD建筑与城市设计

184社会住房大厦/MCBAD建筑与城市设计
184 Social Housing Tower / MCBAD architecture&urban design

项目的设计理念与社会意义：

该项目以西班牙社会住房竞赛的优胜者身份脱颖而出，其亮点在于对社会责任的深刻理解。项目始于经济危机时期，历经十余年，见证了西班牙经济的起伏，其设计不仅仅是建筑本身，更是一种社会象征，体现了对时代变迁的深刻反思。项目从“僵化结构”到“可持续、互联、更有弹性”的转变，预示着对未来的积极展望。在瓦伦西亚遭受洪灾时，该建筑迅速转化为灾民的避难所，充分展现了其超越建筑功能的人道主义关怀，将建筑的社会价值发挥到极致。这一设计理念在当代社会住房设计中具有重要的示范意义。

建筑空间与环境的和谐统一：

项目充分考虑了建筑与周边环境的融合。通过“基座”体量与现有建筑对话，实现了与周围环境的无缝衔接。双向朝向的住宅设计是项目的核心，其设计理念是使居住者与周围环境建立联系。设计充分利用了周边景观，让居住者可以欣赏到海景和山景。宽敞的室外空间与室内空间相连，并通过滑动板条系统实现气候舒适性，使得室外空间如同另一个房间。这种设计手法强调了建筑与自然环境的互动，提升了居住的舒适性和生活品质，体现了对人居环境的深度思考。

可持续性与灵活性的完美结合：

该项目在可持续性和灵活性方面进行了大胆尝试。通过模块化结构简化技术问题，使其成为一个可适应未来变化的进化项目。可持续的空气热能、光伏太阳能的自我生产，以及外墙低碳材料的使用，都体现了对环保的重视。建筑采用了交叉通风设计，为未来居民创造了舒适宜居的生活环境。有盖的外部过渡空间、公共广场、自行车及邮箱区域的设置，以及共享空间的规划，都体现了对居民生活方式的细致考量，也增强了社区的凝聚力。这些设计元素共同构建了一个具有弹性的、可持续的未来社区。

建筑师提供的文字描述该项目在西班牙社会住房竞争中首次亮相，经受住了时间的考验，成为西班牙一个历史时期产生深远影响的见证和象征。它始于2009年，当时正值经济危机，十多年来，建筑的僵化结构在城市景观中脱颖而出，成为瓦伦西亚集体想象中多年危机的寓言。2021-2024年是一个转折点，反映了该国的经济复苏和新的社会住房政策。在达到“顶峰”后，它将于2024年以一个更可持续、更互联、更有弹性的建筑开始其生命。2024年10月29日，在瓦伦西亚，DANA洪水淹没了奥尔塔南区，导致许多家庭疏散。在这种住房紧急情况下，该建筑成为灾难受害者的第一个避难所，肯定了其超越建筑作用的人类和社会使命。
Text description provided by the architects. First price in the Spanish competition of social housing, the project has stood the test of time, being a witness and symbol of a historical period of profound repercussions for Spain. It began in 2009, in the midst of the economic crisis, for more than a decade the fossilized structure of building stood out in the urban landscape, becoming an allegory of the years of crisis in the Valencian collective imagination. The 2021-2024 marks a turning point, reflecting the country's economic recovery and the new social housing policy. Having reached the "top", it begins its life in 2024 with an even more sustainable, more connected and more resilient building. On 10/29/2024, in Valencia, the DANA floods the Horta Sud neighborhoods and causes the evacuation of many families. In this housing emergency, the building becomes the first refuge for victims of the disaster, affirming its human and social vocation beyond its architectural role.

Ground Floor Plan

位于瓦伦西亚市南部，奥尔塔南部的拉托雷区。这个地方明显地被新海峡和瓦伦西亚市的人工景观所分隔。向南穿过韦尔塔。该社区最初被称为“Sociopolis”，通过一组十座塔楼和一个大型城市公园振兴了南部的住宅区，将这个地方变成了一个独特的环境。该地块与现有社区接壤，并通过“Pasarela de la Solidaridad”与城市相连。该建筑通过与现有建筑对话的国内规模的水平“基座”体量与周围环境融为一体。在大都市范围内，有巨大的景观，有两个垂直的紧急情况。
Located south of the city of Valencia, in the district of La Torre, Horta Sud. The place is markedly delimited to the north by the artificial landscape of the new channel and Valencia city. And to the south through the Huerta. The neighborhood, originally known as "Sociopolis," revitalizes the southern residential areas with a set of ten tower buildings and a large urban park, turning the place into an exceptional environment. The plot borders the existing neighborhood and is connected to the city by the "Pasarela de la Solidaridad". The building is integrated into its immediate surroundings through a horizontal "plinth" volume of a domestic scale that dialogues with the existing buildings. And with the great landscape on a metropolitan scale, with the two vertical emergencies.

双重导向住宅与周围环境的关系是该项目的出发点。一个中央主干元素集中了服务器空间和建筑的技术结构，释放了最灵活和最进化的主要空间。全景住宅面向风景、大海和山脉。宽敞的户外空间将家向外延伸。在促进气候舒适性的滑动板条系统的保护下，它们被设计成另一个房间。
The relationship of the dual-oriented homes with their surroundings is the starting point of the project. A central backbone element concentrates the server spaces and the technical structure of the building, freeing the most flexible and evolutionary main spaces. The panoramic dwellings are open to the landscape, sea and mountains. The generous outdoor spaces extend the home towards the outside. Protected by a system of sliding slats that promote climatic comfort, they are designed as just another room.

Section

该建筑通过一个有盖的外部过渡空间进入，将公共广场与四个走廊连接起来。自行车和邮箱的区域与这些空间相关联。四个循环通过共用的四楼露台连接，露台上设有共享空间；一楼的关联空间和商店完成了该计划。调制结构简化了技术问题，将建筑变成了未来转型的进化项目。可持续的空气热能和光伏太阳能的自我生产、外墙低碳材料的使用以及建筑的交叉通风，使我们能够为未来的居民创造一定程度的弹性舒适感。
The building is accessed through a covered exterior transition space, connecting the public plaza with the four hallways. The areas for bikes and mailboxes are associated with these spaces. The four circulations are connected through the common fourth floor terrace provided with a shared space; An associative space on the ground floor and shops complete the program. The modulated structure simplifies technical issues, turning the building into an evolutionary project for future transformations. The self-production of sustainable aerothermal and photovoltaic solar energy, the use of low-carbon materials on the facades and the cross ventilation of the building, allow us to create a degree of resilient comfort for future inhabitants.