安克雷奇博物馆

安克雷奇博物馆
The Anchorage Museum

查尔斯·安德森工作室ps：安克雷奇公共博物馆是一个占地2英亩的公园，景观、历史和文化元素吸引着游客和当地人。扩建博物馆的新环境是从周围景观中“挖出”的城市桦树林，创造了该市最令人难忘和最具象征意义的城市空间之一。安克雷奇是美国最北部的主要城市，横跨库克湾（Cook Inlet）入口处的山麓丘陵。灵感来自于戏剧性的荒野环境，设计团队的共同目标是鼓励人们欣赏博物馆非凡的自然环境。景观概念源于“从附近的森林中挖出树木，扔到博物馆前”的想法
Charles Anderson | Atelier ps: The Anchorage Museum Common is a 2-acre park where elements of landscape, history, and culture beckon to visitors and locals alike. This new setting for the expanded museum is an urban birch forest “scooped” out of the surrounding landscape, creating one of the city’s most memorable and emblematic civic spaces. The northern-most major city in the United States, Anchorage spreads across the foothills at the head of Cook Inlet. Inspired by the dramatic wilderness setting, the design team’s unified goal for the Common was to encourage an appreciation of the museum’s extraordinary natural surroundings. The landscape concept sprang from an idea to “scoop the trees from a nearby forest and toss them down in front of the museum.”

The Anchorage Museum

桦树林使用纸桦树，这是该州最具文化和生态重要性的本土树木之一，是从商业开发中抢救出来的。树木种植在分级网格上，从场地西端的密集间距移动到建筑表面的轻巧通风配置。公园里到处都是树木，与建筑引人注目的形式、体量和半透明的表皮形成了互补，并在临街处形成了引人注目的外观。当地人的低矮林下种植给公园带来了一种开放感和可见性。这些植物将共同适应城市的环境影响，创造自己的动态城市生态。桦树弯弯曲曲的步道蜿蜒穿过方格，而其他的小径则穿过方格。阿列伊是一条强有力的斜轴线，朝向博物馆入口，长廊的深色混凝土向外延伸博物馆的深色地板，与桦树网格相接。它被缩放以适应各种各样的活动，并且在冬天被加热到不结冰。该公园通过在本地人和具有重要文化意义的物种之间使用平衡的种植调色板来表达“文明野生”。阿莱种植着紫叶海棠花，下面种着本地鸢尾花。线性花园的观赏性春季植物与该市一年生植物的耸人听闻的展示相呼应。
The grove of The Birches uses paper birches, one of the most culturally and ecologically important native trees in the state, salvaged from commercial developments. The trees are planted on a graduated grid, moving from dense spacing at the west end of the site to a light and airy configuration at the building face. The trees fill the park, complementing the dramatic form, mass, and semi-transparent skin of the building, and creating a striking presence at the street frontage. A low understory planting of natives affords the park a sense of openness and visibility. Together, these plants will adapt to the environmental influences of the city and create their own, dynamic urban ecology. The curvilinear Walk of the Birches weaves through the grid, while the other pathways cut through it. The Allée is a strong diagonal axis striking toward the museum’s entrance, and the darkened concrete of The Promenade extends the dark floor of the museum outward to meet the Birch grid. It is scaled to accommodate a variety of events and is heated to be ice-free in winter. The park expresses a “civilized wild” by using a planting palette balanced between natives and culturally-significant species. The Allée is lined with purple-leaved flowering crabapple, under-planted with native irises. The ornamental spring plantings of the Linear Gardens echo the city’s sensational display of annuals.

该公共区旨在激发和容纳博物馆的规划，全年将举办各种各样的公民庆祝活动。森林中雕刻的房间表面覆盖着草皮和硬景观，为聚会、雕塑和集体活动创造了空间。其中最大的一块是从博物馆里慷慨地洒出来的绿色，它构成了该遗址的核心，三面由桦树构成。每个果岭都是一个灵活且可编程的室外房间。公共空间的设计将博物馆的区域背景提炼为桦树森林的精华，并将景观设计范式从静态花园类型学转变为适应城市环境的表现力、动态生态。这为游客和当地人提供了一个更深入的城市自然欣赏，这将反过来激发人们对阿拉斯加众多景观的好奇心。
The Common is designed to inspire and accommodate the museum’s programming and will host a diverse set of civic celebrations and activities throughout the year. Rooms carved into the forest are surfaced with turf and hardscape, creating areas for gathering, sculpture, and group activity. The largest of these is The Green, which generously spills out from the museum, forms the heart of the site and is framed by birches on three sides. Each of the greens is a flexible and programmable outdoor room. The design of the Common distills the museum’s regional context to the essence of a birch forest and shifts the paradigm of landscape design away from static garden typology to an expressive, dynamic ecology that adapts to the urban environment. This provides visitors and locals alike with a deeper appreciation of nature in the city, which will in turn inspire a greater curiosity about the multitude of Alaska landscapes.

Project: The Anchorage Museum Common at Rasmuson Center, 625 C Street, Anchorage, Alaska 99501, USA
Landscape architect: Charles Anderson | Atelier ps
Design:2005-2008
Construction: 2007-2010
Area: 2 acres
Landscape budget: $3.5 million
Text: Charles Anderson | Atelier ps