赛马街码头
Race Street Pier
文本及；照片：詹姆斯角现场作业
Landscape Architecture: James Corner Field Operations
Client: Delaware River Waterfront Corp.
Design Team: James Corner, Lisa Switkin, Jayyun Jung, Yoshi Harada, Kimberly Cooper
Consultants: Langan Engineering, CHPlanning, VJ Associates
Size: 1 Acre
Budget: $5 million
Planning: 2009-2010
Construction: 2011
Text & photos: James Corner Field Operations
Facts:
1. Trees: The 37 large caliper Swamp White Oak (Quercus bicolor) trees are very special. They were cultivated for four years at a nursery in Millstone, N.J for the World Trade Center Memorial at Ground Zero in New York City.
2. Grasses and Perennials: Almost 10,250 individual 4 inch pots of shade tolerant grasses and perennials were planted in weathered steel planters to increase diversity and add texture, color and seasonal interest.
3. Lighting: The park’s setting under the Benjamin Franklin Bridge is spectacular at night; therefore the park was designed to be enjoyed in the evening as well as during the day with extensive lighting including 200 LED Solar Light Blocks embedded into the paving.
4. Paving: The paving on the upper level ramp is Trex, a sustainable synthetic decking material made out of reclaimed plastic and wood. Once complete, this will be one of the largest public installation of Trex decking in the country.
5. Railings: The perimeter railing leans at a 65 degree angle towards the pier, further accentuating the forced one-point perspective of the ramp rising along the Benjamin Franklin Bridge. Lights are incorporated into railing on the lower level.
6. Seating Steps: Tiered seating terraces link the upper and lower levels and create a destination at the end of the pier for viewing, gathering, and contemplation.
7。码头吊篮：2个位于较低楼层的码头吊篮，最初用于卸载货物进行运输，经过改装，并集成到新公园中。他们覆盖着透明的金属格栅，其中一部分已经开放，让用户以一种不寻常和真实的方式体验这条河。
7. Wharf Drops: 2 wharf-drops on the lower level originally used to unload cargo for shipping were retrofitted and integrated into the new park. They are covered with transparent metal grating and a portion of one has been left open for users to experience the river in an unusual and authentic way.
8. Fill: Over 2,000 cubic yards of geofoam fill was used to form the sky promenade on the upper level.
9。潮汐：特拉华河是潮汐河流，平均每天海拔波动6英尺。在平均高水位时，码头的较低水位将高出河流约4.5英尺，这使得赛马街码头成为一个难得的靠近水面的地方。赛马街码头也是一个潮汐记录站，在这里你可以找到费城市涨潮和低潮的预报。
9. Tides: The Delaware River is tidal, fluctuating an average of six feet in elevation a day. At mean high water level, the lower level of the pier will be approximately 4.5 feet above the river, making the Race Street Pier one of rare places where you can get close to the water. The Race Street Pier is also a tidal register, where you can find out the forecast for high and low tides for the City of Philadelphia.
Aerial view from Benjamin Franklin bridge, looking West.
(Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
Aerial view of the newly planted Entry Plaza and beginning of the Skywalk Promenade
(Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
The Bridge Allee is comprised of 25 large Swamp White Oak trees. This line of trees reinforces the slice of the pier into two levels. (Image Credit: Edward Savaria Jr and Suzanne Savaria)
Looking to the end of the pier along the ramp, which connects the upper and lower levels of the Race Street Pier. (Image Credit: Edward Savaria Jr and Suzanne Savaria)
The Seating terrace and Sun Lawn provide ample spots for gathering, people watching and other leisure activities. (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
View of the Sky Promenade facing West – the decking is made of Trex, a sustainable synthetic material made of reclaimed plastic and wood. (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
At night, 200 Solar LED lights embedded into the paving enhance the spectacular setting under the Benjamin Franklin Bridge. (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
Evening view toward the Philadelphia skyline along the Ramp, which traverses the slice and connects the upper and lower levels of the Race Street Pier. (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
The Seating Terraces link the upper and lower levels of the Race Street Pier, and provide ample space for viewing, gathering and contemplation. (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
Reaching a height of 12’ above the water, the River Overlook rewards visitors with panoramic views of the river and City Skyline. (Image credit: Edward Savaria Jr and Suzanne Savaria)
View of the Pier, looking East toward Camden with Benjamin Franklin Bridge above.
(Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
Evening view highlighting the rise of the Sky Promenade on the North side of the Pier, with the Benjamin Franklin Bridge above. (Image Credit: Edward Savaria Jr and Suzanne Savaria)
Evening event on the Race Street Pier with Fireworks celebration.
(Image Credit: Edward Savaria Jr and Suzanne Savaria)
A child runs along the ramp that connects the Seating Terrace, with the Skywalk Promenade.
(Image Credit: Edward Savaria Jr and Suzanne Savaria)
Aerial view from the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, looking East. (Image credit: Christian Carollo)
Illustrative Plan of the Race Street Pier. (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
Cross section drawing of the Race Street Pier. (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
Plan with locations of main design elements in the park (Image credit: James Corner Field Operations)
View looking East toward the Camden waterfront, with the Benjamin Franklin Bridge overhead. (Image credit: Barrett Doherty)
View looking South of the Terrace, the Delaware River and Walt Whitman Bridge beyond. The terrace paving is inset with solar-powered LED light pavers. (Image credit: Barrett Doherty)
The Riverwalk on the South side of the Pier features lushly planted woodland beds, and a lawn for informal gatherings, and sunbathing. (Image credit: Barrett Doherty)
这座占地1英亩的赛马街码头位于特拉华河上，毗邻费城市中心历史悠久、充满活力的老城区。在纪念性的本杰明·富兰克林大桥脚下，赛马街码头位于赛马街的东端——费城少数几条街道之一，在1-95高速公路下有一个平面交叉口，提供了城市和河流之间罕见的直接连接。赛马街码头伸入水中超过500英尺，只有80英尺宽，暴露在外，又长又窄。特拉华河是潮汐河流，平均每天海拔波动6英尺。在平均高水位时，桥墩的较低水位约高于河流4.5英尺，这使得桥墩成为沿河罕见的靠近水面的地方之一。
A formerly vacant municipal pier, the 1-acre Race Street Pier is located on the Delaware River adjacent to the historic and vibrant Old City neighborhood in the heart of Philadelphia. At the foot of the monumental Benjamin Franklin Bridge, the Race Street Pier is at the eastern terminus of Race Street- one of a few streets in Philadelphia with an at-grade crossing under the 1-95 expressway, providing a rare direct connection between the city and the river. Extending over 500 feet out into the water and only 80 feet wide, the Race Street Pier is exposed, long and narrow. The Delaware River is tidal, with fluctuations of an average of six feet in elevation each day. At mean high water level, the lower level of the pier is approximately 4.5 feet above the river, making the Pier one of rare places along the river where you can get close to the water.
设计：前市政11号码头，JCFO开始将该码头更名为赛马街码头，以进一步加强其与城市的关系，并恢复其历史名称。最初的赛马街码头始建于1896年，其中包括一座建于两层的大型建筑，用于不同的功能；下层用于航运，上层用于娱乐。作为对其过去的致敬，新码头的物理设计分为两层——上层有宏伟的空中长廊，下层用于被动娱乐和社交聚会。这种分层设计扩展了狭长桥墩的感知空间，允许各种空间体验、特征和设置。沿着本杰明·富兰克林大桥的北面，一个戏剧性的斜坡上升到了12英尺高的空中，通过强制单点透视，戏剧性地展现了到达河流空间的感觉，并允许罕见的景观返回城市。这条“空中长廊”带你进入河中，与本杰明·富兰克林大桥雄伟的石头桥台面对面相见。由于木板路尽头的海拔高度增加了15英尺，你会感觉自己站在船头，特拉华州宽阔的曲线向两个方向伸展。上层坡道采用Trex®建造，Trex®是一种可持续的合成桥面材料，由再生塑料和木材制成。赛马街码头是美国最大的Trex®桥面公共设施之一。
Design: Formerly Municipal Pier 11, JCFO initiated renaming the pier as the Race Street Pier to further reinforce its relationship to the City and reinstate its historic name. Construction of the original Race Street Pier began in 1896 including a large building built on two levels to serve different functions; the lower level for shipping and the upper level for recreation. As a nod to its past, the physical design of the new pier is split into two levels – an upper level with a grand sky promenade and a lower level for passive recreation and social gathering. This split level design expands the perceived space of the long and narrow pier, allowing for a variety of spatial experiences, features and settings. A dramatic ramp rises twelve feet into the air along the north face of the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, dramatizing the sense of arriving in the space of the river through a forced one-point perspective and allowing for rare views back to the City. This ‘Sky Promenade’ takes you out into the river ending with a face-to-face encounter with the majestic stone abutment of the Benjamin Franklin Bridge. Because the elevation increases by 15 feet at the end of the boardwalk, you feel as if you are standing on the prow of a ship, with the broad curve of the Delaware unfurling in both directions. The upper level ramp is built using Trex®, a sustainable synthetic decking material made out of reclaimed plastic and wood. The Race Street Pier is one of the largest public installations of Trex® decking in the country.
阳光充足的下层支撑着多用途草坪、种植床和各种社交座位，为城市中心提供了一个放松的休息空间。较低一层的特色是沿着码头边缘的海湾步道和2个改装的码头升降台，最初用于卸载货物进行运输。码头落差覆盖着透明的金属格栅，其中一部分已经开放，供用户以一种不寻常和真实的方式体验河流。本·富兰克林桥下的码头在夜间十分壮观；因此，公园被设计成在晚上和白天都可以享受到丰富的照明，包括嵌入铺路机中的200个LED太阳能灯块，照亮下层空间。
A sun-filled lower level supports a multi-purpose lawn, planting beds and a variety of social seating spaces which provide for a relaxing respite in the heart of the city. The lower level features a bay walk along the pier’s edge and 2 retrofitted wharf-drops originally used to unload cargo for shipping. The wharf drops are covered with transparent metal grating and a portion of one has been left open for users to experience the river in an unusual and authentic way. The pier’s setting under the Ben Franklin Bridge is spectacular at night; therefore the park was designed to be enjoyed in the evening as well as during the day with extensive lighting including 200 LED Solar Light Blocks embedded into the pavers which illuminate the lower level spaces.
两层楼之间有一个宽敞的座椅平台，环绕着码头的末端，放大了在河边的感觉。座椅露台也在下面的较低楼层上形成了一个休闲活动空间。一排25英尺高的沼泽白橡树进一步突出和强化了水平裂缝，这些树是纽约归零地纪念项目的剩余部分。这些特殊的树木为码头增添了垂直感，同时也夸大了视角，吸引了人们的目光。上层和下层均设有周界栏杆，与桥墩成65度角倾斜，在下层提供了一个舒适的位置，可以站在靠近水面的地方进行反射，进一步突出了沿上层本杰明·富兰克林桥上升的坡道的强制单点透视图。
The two levels are linked by a generous seating terrace that wraps around the end of the pier amplifying the sensation associated with being on the edge of the river. The seating terraces also frame a casual event space on the lower level below. The level split is further marked and intensified by, a row of 25-foot-tall swamp white oaks, which were acquired as surplus from the ground zero memorial project in New York. These special trees add vertical presence to the pier as well as exaggerate the perspective and draw the eye toward the water. Both the upper and lower level feature perimeter railing that leans at a 65 degree angle towards the pier, providing on the lower level a comfortable place to stand and reflect close to the water and further accentuating the forced one-point perspective of the ramp rising along the Benjamin Franklin Bridge on the upper level.
Like a natural landscape, the Pier contains multiple ecosystems. It moves from lowland to upland, from the open boardwalk savannah through a stand of swamp white oaks and sweet gums, and down to a soft mound of an oval lawn.
