马切伦·德莱伊

马切伦·德莱伊
Machelen-aan-de-Leie

斯威科比利时：马切伦是一个风景如画的村庄，位于里斯河的一个老拐弯处。河边教堂附近的公共空间是乡村经济的中心。在这里，货物从内河船只进出。村庄、中心广场和教堂的布局与河流有着内在的联系。20世纪下半叶，与这一河边位置相关的主要运输和制造活动中断。从那时起，生活一直在平静地进行，尽管这个村庄并不总是忠于自己的根。河岸上的广场变成了一个荒凉的停车场，与河流失去了联系。新的城市发展将重心转移到主要道路上，中心地区周围的老房子也在恶化。拉威尔博物馆的开放增强了马切伦的吸引力，并带来了新的游客和活动。博物馆是现代建筑独立但有力介入的一个例子；它使这个村庄重新出现在地图上，并鼓励在这个村庄进行私人装修。
Sweco Belgium: Machelen is a picturesque village along an old bend of the river Lys. The public space adjacent to the church along the riverbank was the central place in the village economy. Here the goods were moved from and to the riverboats. The layout of the village, central squares and the church, was intrinsically linked with the river. The main transportation and manufacturing activities associated with this riverside location were discontinued in the second half of the 20th century. Since then, life has gone on quietly, although the village has not always stayed true to its roots. The square at the river bank became a desolate parking lot and the contact with the river was lost. New urban developments shifted the centre of gravity towards the main road and the old houses around the central places deteriorated. The opening of the Raveel museum is what enhanced the attractiveness of Machelen and brought in new visitors and activities. The museum is an example of a discrete but powerful intervention by modern architecture; it put the village back on the map and encouraged the private renovations in the village.

Machelen-aan-de-Leie

Aim of the intervention

如今，面临的挑战是在发展旅游业和保障居民生活质量之间找到可持续的平衡。因此，公共空间的设计是在居民的参与下进行的。对村庄中央公共领域的干预旨在恢复村庄布局和公共空间的内在逻辑。朝向河流和创造社会互动的可能性是改造的主要原则，作为减少停车场使用广场垄断的目标的一部分。
Nowadays, the challenge is to find a sustainable balance between developing tourism and safeguarding the quality of life for the inhabitants. The design of the public space was therefore developed with the participation with the inhabitants. The interventions in the central public realm of the village are aimed resurrecting the intrinsic logic of the village layout and public space. The orientation towards the river and the creation of possibilities for social interaction are the main principles of the renovation, as part of the aim of reducing the monopoly of the use of the squares as car parks.

Description of the intervention

Sweco Belgium将该村中心的主要广场和小街重新设计为一个连贯的公共区域。两个广场恢复了与河流的联系。在所有公共空间中使用天然石材，创造了步行街和广场网络的统一感知。路面的不规则图案以非正式的方式破坏了均匀性，这是通过使用六种不同尺寸的石头实现的。在这两个广场上，只有有限数量的条带定期铺设。它们垂直于广场，形成排水沟，勾勒出剩下的几个停车场。主要的停车设施已经移到了村口。在教堂附近的中央广场上，河流和绿色开放空间的景观已经恢复。为了保持空间开放，只种植了四棵树：三棵皂荚树“Sunburst”，树冠小而透明，还有一棵桑树“无果”，这棵树被描绘在小镇的纹章上。斜坡提供了在河岸附近放松和接近水面的机会。在狭窄的街道上，人行道不间断地挨家挨户走，把街道还给了居民。在村庄中心的另一个广场上，喷泉提供了一种好玩的元素。喷泉的喷水口形成一个直角的图案，并用水填满这个略微切割的平面。这个表面的反射是指比利时艺术家罗杰·拉威尔爵士创作的所谓“想象之墙”中的镜子。
Sweco Belgium redesigned the main squares and small streets in the centre of the village as a coherent and connected public area. Two squares restore the link with the river. The use of natural stones for all public space creates a unity in perception of the network of pedestrian streets and squares. The uniformity is broken in an informal way by the irregular pattern in the pavement, which has been achieved by using stones of six different sizes. In both squares, only a limited number of strips are paved regularly. They are perpendicular to the square, forming gutters that delineate the remaining few parking places. The main parking facilities have been moved to the entrances of the village. On the central square near the church, the views on the river and the green open space have been restored. To keep the space open, only four trees were planted: three Gleditsia triancanthos ‘Sunburst’, with a small and transparent tree crown and one Morus alba ‘Fruitless’, a tree that is depicted in the town’s coat of arms. A ramp provides the opportunity to relax near the river bank and to approach the water’s surface. In the narrow streets, the pavement goes uninterrupted from door to door, giving the street back to its inhabitants. On another square in the heart of the village, a fountain offers a playful element. The waterjets of the fountain form a right-angled pattern and fill this slightly incised plane with water. The reflection of this surface refers to the mirror in the so-called “Wall of Imagination”, a creation by the Belgian artist Sir Roger Raveel.

Evaluation

马切伦公共领域的重新开发正在恢复该村的社会互动。重新设计的广场提高了马切伦市中心的生活质量，并邀请人们到河边散步。广场又一次成为公共空间的典范，重新活跃了社区生活。当地人参与了重建广场的落成仪式，现在许多博览会都在广场上举行。今天，“大跳跃”发生在海滨的斜坡上。与此同时，村庄入口处停车场的重组以及小街上铺砌良好的公共区域欢迎新游客来到小镇，并悄悄地要求他们离散参观村庄。该项目不是非常时尚，但已建成规模的居民。它想要创造良好的公共空间：适当的自然路面，将人们带到水里，在海滨创造一个休息的地方。滨水区再次成为集体意识的焦点。
The redevelopment of the public realm in Machelen is revitalising social interaction in the village. The redesigned squares enhance the quality of life in downtown Machelen and invite a stroll to the river. The square has become once again the public space par excellence and reactivated community life. The local people participated in the inauguration of the reconstructed squares and many fairs now take place on the squares. Today, the ‘Big Jump’ takes place from the ramp at the waterfront. At the same time, the reorganisation of parking places at the entrance of the village and the well paved public realm of the small streets welcomes the new visitors to the town and quietly asks them to visit the village discretely. The project is not extremely trendy and stylish but has been built on the scale of the inhabitants. It wants to make good public space: proper natural pavement, bringing the people to the water, creating a resting place at the waterfront. The waterfront is being brought once again to the fore of the collective consciousness.

Data

Chief author: Sweco Belgium and Christian Kieckens Architects bvba
Other members & Profession: Kristof Van Impe (landscape architect), Thomas Timmermans (engineer), Wim Marquenie (architect), Christian Kieckens (architect)

客户（公共管理、私人公司……）Gemeente Zulte，中心10号，B-9870 Zulte
Name: Renovation of the village centre of Machelen-aan-de-Leie
Project design date: 2005-2008
Construction completion date: 2008-2009
Location / City / Region / Country: Machelen-aan-de-Leie, 9870 Zulte, Oost-Vlaanderen, BELGIUM
Area: 5000m²
Cost: €1.400.000
Project manager: Grontmij Vlaanderen NV
Construction company: Cochuyt – De Smet
Client (Public Administration, Private Company,..) Gemeente Zulte, Centrumstraat 10, B-9870 Zulte