新月屋/类型 - 园林吧

新月屋/类型
Crescent House / TYPE

设计理念与历史价值的平衡：“新月屋”项目最突出的亮点在于其对历史建筑的尊重和创新改造的巧妙结合。设计师在改造过程中，充分考虑了建筑的二级*文物保护级别，谨慎地维护了原有特色，同时又赋予了其现代生活的新功能。项目在设计理念上，并非简单地复制过去，而是通过赞美原有特色，和谐地将新旧元素融为一体，体现了对历史价值的深刻理解。这种平衡在建筑的隔热、空间布局和材料选择上都得到了体现，展现出设计师在保护与创新之间寻找最佳解决方案的能力，值得肯定与学习。

材料选择与可持续性的实践：该项目在材料选择上，体现了对可持续发展理念的深刻理解。设计师优先考虑使用简单、经济、可持续的材料，如软木地板、蜂窝纸板隔断等，以此降低项目的环境影响和建造成本。这种“以织物为先”的策略，在有限的预算下，仍然注重建筑的隔热性能，以配合地方政府的立面升级计划，展现了设计师的专业素养和对可持续建筑的实践。更难能可贵的是，设计师将此项目作为原型，测试了许多创新材料，并成功将其应用于实际，充分体现了设计团队对新材料的探索精神和对未来项目的积极影响。

空间利用与功能创新的融合：“新月屋”项目在空间利用方面的创新是其精髓所在。设计师在有限的空间内，通过对现有开放空间的巧妙细分，创造了更具活力和功能性的平面布局。通过设置额外的储物空间、隐蔽的晾干区、更衣室、办公区和实用橱柜，提高了每平方米空间的利用效率，满足了现代生活的多样化需求。此外，设计师还注重在共享空间和独立空间之间取得平衡，满足了居住者在不同场景下的需求。这种对功能性和空间利用的深度思考，使得该项目在有限的空间内实现了最大化的居住舒适度，为同类项目提供了宝贵的参考价值。

建筑师提供的文字描述发现地点：金巷庄园2级*上市新月楼的一套3层单间公寓。新月楼建于20世纪60年代初，被视为巴比肯庄园设计和细节的垫脚石，由张伯伦、鲍威尔和邦三位建筑师设计。现有建筑/场地带来了哪些挑战？该项目有三个主要挑战；首先，公寓和公寓内的关键部件被列为2级*。任何要开展的工作都必须根据现有要素的历史价值进行仔细考虑。第二，这套公寓建于1960年，几乎没有隔热层，而且存在严重的潮湿和冷凝问题。地方当局了解这一点，并正在进行重大工程，将该建筑外立面的现有窗户升级为双层/三层玻璃。我们的设计旨在实现洛杉矶立面改造的雄心壮志，但设计其他元素是一个挑战，因为我们没有关于他们的作品是什么样子的信息。第三个挑战是使工作室适应当代生活，因为当代生活不再反映最初设计的三个区域；生活、吃饭和睡觉。
Text description provided by the architects. Site as found: A 3^rd floor studio flat in Grade 2* listed Crescent House, on Golden Lane Estate. Built in the early 1960s, Crescent House is seen as a stepping stone to the design and detailing of the Barbican Estate, by the same architects Chamberlin, Powell, and Bon. What were the challenges presented by the existing building/site? The project had three main challenges; the first was that the flat and the key components within the flat were Grade 2* listed. Any work that was to be undertaken had to be carefully considered against the historic value of the existing elements. The second was that the flat was built in 1960, and had little to no insulation, and significant damp and condensation issues. The Local Authority understands this and is in the process of carrying out major works to upgrade the existing windows to double/triple glazing on the external facades of the block. Our design aimed to rise to the ambition of the LA façade retrofit, but designing the other elements was a challenge as we had no information on what their work would look like. The third challenge was to adapt the studio to contemporary life which was no longer reflective of the three zones originally designed; living, dining, and sleeping.

客户简介：客户希望以一种敏感的方式改造现有的公寓，以配合洛杉矶雄心勃勃的外墙升级项目。其次，重点是通过理解和欣赏人们今天的生活方式，创造反映这一点的新时刻，最大限度地利用现有空间。客户信息：客户是一对30多岁的夫妇，其中一位是TYPE的董事。
Client brief: The clients wanted to retrofit the existing flat in a sensitive way that could work with LA's ambitious project of upgrading the facades. Secondly, the focus was to make the most of the existing spaces by understanding and appreciating the way people live today and creating new moments that reflect this. Client info: The clients are a couple in their mid-30s, with one being a director at TYPE.

Isometric

设计理念：*赞美原有特色，协调新旧元素。*升级现有围护结构的热性能，以配合地方当局用双层/三层玻璃升级所有立面的总体规划。地方当局和伦敦市与绿色金融研究所共同主办了格拉斯哥COP26。*专注于面料优先的方法，但要确定一种简单、实惠、可持续和实用的基本材料。由于额外的成本，大多数项目都在努力优先考虑建筑结构，而这个项目试图证明，首先投资结构并不意味着完工会受到影响。我们将该项目作为原型，测试可用于未来项目的新材料。一个例子是滑动门，它由贴面轻质蜂窝纸板制成，而不是典型的实心木材或MDF。地板由软木制成，这是一种天然的可持续产品。细木工制品使用了一种名为Ecoboard的替代可持续产品，而不是MDF。大多数表面都涂漆了，以便于维护。之前相关的TYPE项目：Tufnell Park和Herne Hill的材料研究。
Design concept: * To celebrate the original features and harmonize the new elements with the old. * Upgrade the thermal performance of the existing envelope to tie in with the Local Authorities masterplan of upgrading all the facades with double/triple glazing. The Local Authority, and the City of London, were the co-hosts of COP26 in Glasgow, with the Green Finance Institute. * Focus on the fabric first approach but identify a basic palette of materials that are simple, affordable, sustainable, and functional for the finishes. Most projects struggle with prioritizing building fabric due to the additional costs, and this project attempts to demonstrate that investing in fabric first does not mean the finish suffers. We used the project as a prototype to test new materials that could be used in future projects. One example is the sliding doors which are made from veneered lightweight honeycomb cardboard rather than the typical solid timber or MDF. The flooring is made from cork which is a natural sustainable product. Instead of MDF, an alternative sustainable product called Ecoboard was used for the joinery. Most of the surfaces were painted for ease of maintenance. Previous TYPE projects that are relevant: Tufnell Park and Herne Hill in terms of material research.

规划/预算限制：2级*名单对我们可以和不能接触的东西造成了某些限制。这些不一定是限制，因为它们为增强原始功能提供了机会。由于预算有限，因此大部分预算都集中在确保织物升级为最有效的隔热材料，以尽量减少对上市的影响。我们使用Spacetherm/Aerogel隔热材料来实现这一目标。地暖必须可拆卸且薄，以便与列出的现有内置家具配合使用。对织物的投资意味着我们必须对我们选择的饰面材料保持聪明和高效。
Planning/budget constraints: The Grade 2* listing created certain restrictions with regard to what we can and can't touch. These weren't necessarily constraints as they provided opportunities on what can be done to enhance the original features. There were budget constraints so a lot of the budget was focused on making sure that the fabric was upgraded with the most efficient insulation that minimized the impact on the listing. We used Spacetherm/Aerogel insulation to achieve this. The underfloor heating had to be removable and thin so it worked with the existing built-in furniture that was listed. This investment in the fabric meant that we had to be as clever and efficient with the materials we chose for the finishes.

Studio Floor Plan

主要特征：*内部隔热墙和天花板。*对现有的开放式空间进行细分，以创建更具活力的平面图。从功能角度来看，一个额外的衣柜，用于放置熨衣板和吸尘器，一个隐蔽的烘干区，一个更衣室，一个办公空间和一个实用橱柜。提高每平方米空间的效率。*最重要的是，提供一个工作室，两个人可以共享一个空间，但也可以在需要时通过巧妙的空间细分实现分离。
Key features: * Internally insulated walls and ceilings. * A sub-division of the existing open plan space to create a more dynamic plan. From a functional point of view, an extra wardrobe for an ironing board and vacuum, a discreet drying area, a changing space, an office space, and a utility cupboard. Increasing the efficiency of every square meter of the space. * Most importantly provide a studio where two people can have both a shared space but also achieve a separation when required through clever sub-division of space.

Sections A and B

施工方法：现有混凝土砌块施工，新内墙保温。现有的窗户由硬木和单层玻璃制成。要强调的材料：选择这些材料是因为它们的经济性和可持续性，如软木地板、涂漆表面、蜂窝纸板滑动隔板和外露的钢结构。由于其列出的状态，物品可以在需要时拆卸和回收。经验教训——以及可以应用于其他项目的经验教训：在上市建筑上工作时所需的方法与我们日常生活中所需的精神是一样的；为了改善我们周围的环境&保留、再利用、回收。如果这三项都不适用，那么你在做其他事情时就会意识到自己对环境和社会的影响。这些不是限制，而是机会。这种方法触及了TYPE想要成为什么样的人以及他们希望如何在未来开发项目的核心
Method of construction: Existing concrete block construction with new internal wall insulation. Existing windows are from hardwood timber and single glazing. Materials to highlight: The materials have been chosen for their affordability and sustainability, such as cork floors, painted surfaces, honeycomb cardboard sliding partitions, and the exposed steel structure. Items are demountable and recyclable where required due to their listed status. Lessons learned – and those that could apply to other projects: The approach needed when working on a Listed Building is the same as the ethos we all need in everyday life; in order to improve the environment around us – retain, re-use, recycle. If none of the 3 apply, then you are conscious of your impact on the environment and society when doing something else. These aren't constraints but opportunities. This approach goes to the core of what TYPE wants to be and how they want to develop projects in the future

翻修/改造项目：是否考虑过拆除（如果是，为什么）？如果部分拆除，保留了什么，没有保留什么？原来的厨房已经不见了，前主人安装了一个新的现成厨房。然而，用餐区和厨房之间最初列出的隔断被保留了下来。我们需要拆除现代厨房，以便隔离墙壁，这为设计一个更符合所列元素的新厨房提供了机会。浴室自建成以来一直没有改变，不适合现代居住。这使我们除了对其进行现代化改造外，还可以拆除卫生洁具并安装内墙隔热材料。除了保留原始织物外，您的设计还有哪些其他方面可以减少建筑物的全寿命碳影响？如前所述，所选材料和对现有织物的升级减少了公寓的主要能源使用。
Refurbishment/retrofit projects: Was demolition considered (and if so, why)? If partial demolition, what was kept and what wasn't? The original kitchen had been lost and a new off-the-shelf kitchen was installed by the previous owner. However, the original listed partition between the dining area and kitchen had been retained. We needed to remove the modern kitchen to allow us to insulate the walls and this presented the opportunity to design a new kitchen more in keeping with the listed elements. The bathroom had been unchanged since it was built and was not suitable for modern occupation. This allowed us to remove the sanitary ware and install internal wall insulation in addition to modernizing it. Aside from retaining the original fabric, what other aspects of your design reduce the whole-life carbon impact of the building? As previously mentioned, the materials chosen and the upgrades to the existing fabric reduce the primary energy use in the flat.