阿尔桑·弗朗西斯区车站办公综合体

阿尔桑·弗朗西斯区车站办公综合体 / Delugan Meissl Associated

可持续性的典范：通过改造实现显著的生态效益：本项目最精髓的亮点在于其对可持续性的坚定承诺，通过对既有建筑的精明改造（而非推倒重建），实现了高达 67% 的二氧化碳减排。这不仅节约了巨量的混凝土和钢材，缓解了资源短缺，更重要的是，通过将施工交通量降至最低，保护了社区环境质量。这种基于既有结构潜力的深度干预，为解决日益严峻的气候变化和资源稀缺问题提供了极具前瞻性的建筑解决方案，树立了城市更新中生态责任的标杆。

城市织补与地标重塑：打破交通屏障，激活核心公共空间：该项目成功地将原先作为交通屏障的终点站及其上方的办公楼，转化为新阿尔桑区的核心地标和宜人的城市连接点。通过创造新的城市开口、半公共空间和无障碍通道，新设计的“弗朗西斯”有效地弥合了被铁路轨道长期分隔的城市板块（斯皮特劳与利希滕塔尔）。特别是对朱利叶斯-坦德勒广场的激活，通过策略性的基座开放和广场提升，实现了功能混合与行人通透性的最佳平衡，重塑了区域的公共生活品质和城市界面。

结构智慧与适应性升级：最大化利用既有资产的潜力：建筑师团队通过深入的 BIM 分析和对原建筑（卡尔·施万泽设计）的深刻理解，成功挖掘了 20 世纪 70 年代混凝土结构的潜力。改造保留了优越的 10 米柱间距和高挑的室内净高（3.5 米），这些原有的结构优势被巧妙地转化为现代办公空间的设计资产。通过去除封闭的镜面外墙和宏伟却低效的外部楼梯，换之以精致压纹的不锈钢立面和露台，项目在保持建筑体量基本不变的同时，完成了静力学、安全及建筑物理的全面现代化，实现了经济效益与高品质环境的统一。

Images 1 & 2:

© Christian Pichlkastner

© Gebhard Sengmüller

Delugan Meissl Associated Architects (DMAA) in collaboration with Josef Weichenberger Architects (JWA) have transformed the terminal station and the office building above it, named "Francis," from an impassable barrier into a transparent and pleasant core landmark of the new Althan Quartier. The decisive factor for the renovation (i.e., demolition, reconstruction, and addition) was the project's significant positive impact on the ecological balance, which allows for a substantial reduction in CO2 emissions.

德卢甘·梅斯尔联合建筑事务所（Delugan Meissl Associated Architects，简称 DMAA）与约瑟夫·魏森贝格建筑事务所（Josef Weichenberger Architects，简称 JWA）携手，以“弗朗西斯”（Francis）之名，将这座位于区域中心的终点站及其上方的办公楼，从一道难以逾越的屏障，转变为新阿尔桑区（Althan Quartier）通透宜人的核心地标。决定进行改造（即拆除、重建及加建）的关键因素，在于项目对生态平衡的显著影响，这意味着可大幅减少二氧化碳排放。

With the development of "Francis" and the surrounding area of the Franz-Josef-Station in Althan Quartier, a new urban connection zone is emerging in Vienna's Ninth District. New traffic arteries connect the districts of Spittelau and Lichtental, which were long separated by the railway tracks of the terminus and the previously difficult-to-access former Austrian Bank building, acting like bridges. The 2.4-hectare site of Althan Quartier now serves as the core link for the area. This means one of the main goals of the renovation has been achieved: enhancing the quality of life and living for the community.

随着“弗朗西斯”及围绕弗朗茨-约瑟夫火车站（Franz-Josef-Station）在阿尔桑区的建设，维也纳第九区正崛起一座全新的城市连接区域。新的交通干道如桥梁般连接起长期被终点站铁路轨道和此前难以进入的前奥地利银行大楼所分隔的斯皮特劳（Spittelau）和利希滕塔尔（Lichtental）两区。阿尔桑区这片占地 2.4 公顷的土地，如今成为该区域的核心连接纽带。这意味着改造的主要目标之一已达成：提升社区的居住与生活品质。

Ground Floor Plan
一层平面图

First Floor Plan
二层平面图

The project demonstrates the immense potential of renovating existing buildings for urban development and environmental protection. Especially in times of increasing scarcity of land and resources, preserving and further developing valuable existing structures is highly worthwhile. Since a large portion of so-called grey emissions comes from reinforced concrete support structures, the renovation of "Francis" yields significant ecological benefits: compared to the 27,595 tons of CO2 emissions from demolition and reconstruction, the renovation generated only 8,970 tons, saving 67%. According to the findings of sustainable development expert, architect, and civil engineer Werner Sobek, the renovation also saved 122,480 tons of concrete and 10,944 tons of steel, which is groundbreaking for alleviating raw material shortages and combating climate change. Furthermore, the quality of life for local residents was maintained during the renovation—it is estimated that approximately 10,000 truck journeys were avoided by not demolishing and rebuilding. Necessary demolition, transport, and recycling work were carried out within the building and at the underground loading dock, minimizing dust, noise, and construction site traffic.

该项目彰显了既有建筑改造在城市发展与环境保护方面的巨大潜力。尤其在土地与资源日益稀缺的当下，保护并进一步开发有价值的既有建筑显得尤为值得。由于大量所谓的灰色排放源自钢筋混凝土支撑结构，因此“弗朗西斯”的改造带来了巨大的生态效益：相较于拆除重建的 27595 吨二氧化碳排放，改造仅产生 8970 吨，节省了 67%。根据可持续发展专家、建筑师及土木工程师维尔纳·索贝克（Werner Sobek）的研究结果，改造还节省了 122480 吨混凝土和 10944 吨钢材，这对于缓解原材料短缺和应对气候变化具有开创性意义。此外，改造期间还保持了当地居民的生活质量 —— 据估算，未拆除重建避免了约 1 万次卡车运输。必要的拆除、搬运和回收工作均在建筑内部和地下装卸场进行，最大限度地减少了粉尘、噪音和工地交通。

Before developing the design, the architects conducted an in-depth study and understanding of the existing 1970s building. DMAA and JWA analyzed and internalized the initial concept of the original architect, Karl Schwanzer, using historical drawings and documents to make fundamental decisions between demolition and renovation. A digital twin model of the existing building was created using BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, allowing for a comprehensive study of the concrete volume and the consequences of potential modifications. The economically optimized reinforced concrete structure of the existing building was excellent in the 1970s, and its potential was thoroughly examined in terms of statics, acoustics, fire protection, and building physics adaptability. As the headquarters of the Austrian Bank, the existing building was characterized by a mirrored facade and a striking, spacious yet almost unused staircase. The mirrored facade emphasized the building's enclosure, while the grand gesture of the external staircase dominated the Julius-Tandler-Platz area. These outdated stylistic elements were removed during the renovation.

展开设计之前，设计师对这座 20 世纪 70 年代既有建筑展开了深入研读与理解。DMAA 和 JWA 利用历史图纸和文件，分析并内化了原建筑师卡尔·施万泽（Karl Schwanzer）的初始理念，以便在拆除与改造之间做出根本性决策。借助 BIM（建筑信息模型）技术，创建了既有建筑的数字孪生模型，从而对混凝土体量及可能改造的后果进行了全面研究。这座既有建筑的经济优化钢筋混凝土结构在 20 世纪 70 年代堪称卓越，其潜力在静力学、声学、防火及建筑物理适应性方面得到了彻底考察。作为奥地利银行总部时，既有建筑的特点是镜面外墙和一座引人注目、宽敞却几乎未使用的楼梯。镜面外墙强调了建筑的封闭性，而外部楼梯的宏伟姿态则主导了朱利叶斯-坦德勒广场（Julius-Tandler-Platz）区域。改造去除了这些过时的风格元素。

One of the main focuses of the planning process was creating new openings towards the community: developing new urban leisure spots, semi-public spaces, barrier-free access routes, and restaurants with open spaces. While the scale and substance of the office building were retained, new open spaces were created, making Julius-Tandler-Platz fresher, more attractive, and more accessible. The new square, situated nine meters above street level, spans over the railway tunnel tracks, connecting the valuable open spaces of Spittelauer Platz, Lichtentaler Platz, and Julius-Tandler-Platz. Key prerequisites for the project's development included pedestrian permeability, openness towards Julius-Tandler-Platz, the widest possible functional mix, densification of the urban core, and harmonious integration into the urban fabric.

规划过程的主要焦点之一是创造面向社区的新开口：打造新的城市休闲场所、半公共空间、无障碍通道以及带开放空间的餐厅。办公楼的规模和实体得以保留，但创造了新的开放空间，使朱利叶斯-坦德勒广场焕然一新，更具吸引力且更易到达。新广场位于街道上方九米处，铁路隧道轨道之上，将斯皮特劳广场（Spittelauer Platz）、利希滕塔尔广场（Lichtentaler Platz）和朱利叶斯-坦德勒广场的宝贵开放空间连接起来。项目开发的关键前提是行人通透性、向朱利叶斯-坦德勒广场的开放、尽可能广泛的功能混合、城市核心区的加密以及与城市空间的和谐融合。

The mirrored cladding was removed from the building's facade. The new stainless steel facade finish, due to its fine embossing, presents a glare-free, silky-matte appearance, while terraces create additional open spaces for restaurants and offices, contrasting with the building's previous enclosure. Another planning focus was designing a lively base area. The extensive opening of the base allows for an ideal spatial relationship with Julius-Tandler-Platz, making the station hall more inviting and creating pleasant connections to the central square level. Behind the building on the north side, a 1970s connecting structure (between the office complex and the garage) was removed to return to Karl Schwanzer's original concept of an isolated cubic building.

建筑外墙去除了镜面装饰。新不锈钢外墙饰面因精细压纹而呈现出无眩光、丝滑哑光外观，而露台则为餐厅和办公室创造了额外的开放空间，并与建筑先前的封闭性形成对比。另一规划重点是设计一个生动的基座区域。基座的广泛开放实现了与朱利叶斯-坦德勒广场的理想空间关系，使车站大厅更具吸引力，并创造了通往中央广场层的宜人连接。建筑北侧后方，一座 20 世纪 70 年代的连接结构（介于办公综合体与车库之间）被拆除，以回归卡尔·施万泽最初的立方体孤立建筑理念。

Section
剖面图

Densification was achieved through a two-story addition that steps back along the building's contour, integrating almost seamlessly into the appearance of the existing structure. The eight-story office building, with its generous outdoor areas, offers approximately 40,000 square meters of usable space with views overlooking neighboring palaces, Liechtenstein Park, and across the city center to St. Stephen's Cathedral. The forward-looking aspect lies in the ideal connection to local and long-distance transport networks, with all major forms of public transport reachable within minutes. The connection to the nearby cycle paths along the Danube Canal is equally ideal. Secure bicycle parking spaces are provided on the ground floor of Francis. The building's intelligence is also evident in its supply and disposal system: organized via the underground loading dock, this minimizes delivery traffic on the ground level.

加密通过两层加建实现，加建部分沿建筑轮廓后退，几乎无缝融入既有结构的面貌。八层办公楼及其宽敞的户外区域提供约 40000 平方米的使用空间，俯瞰邻近的宫殿、列支敦士登公园及穿越市中心直至圣斯蒂芬大教堂的景致。与本地及长途交通网络的理想连接，所有主要公共交通方式均在几分钟内可达，具有前瞻性。与多瑙运河沿线附近自行车道的连接同样理想。弗朗西斯的一楼设有安全的自行车停车位。建筑的智能化还体现在供应与处置系统上：该系统通过地下装卸场组织，从而将地面送货交通降至最低。

The renovation project benefits from the intelligent economy of the existing structural framework. The 10-meter column spacing and removable precast ceilings offered maximum flexibility for the renovation design. The attractive room heights of up to 3.5 meters—rarely achieved in new constructions—provide atmosphere and brightness. Full adaptation to modern safety standards, security technology, building physics, statics, and seismic resistance, along with achieving the Gold certification from the Austrian Green Building Council (ÖGNI) through high ecological standard building materials, underscores the project's importance as a paradigm for future urban renovations. Thus, the Francis renovation demonstrates the intelligent utilization of existing building structures and sets new standards in ecological sustainability and urban integration.

改造项目得益于既有建筑骨架结构的智能经济性。10 米的柱间距和可拆卸预制天花板为改造设计提供了最大灵活性。高达 3.5 米的吸引人的房间高度（在新建筑中很少实现）提供了氛围与亮度。全面适应现代安全标准、安全技术、建筑物理、静力学及抗震性，以及通过高生态标准的建筑材料获得奥地利可持续建筑委员会（ÖGNI）的黄金认证，均凸显了该项目作为未来城市改造典范的重要性。因此，弗朗西斯改造项目展示了既有建筑结构的智能利用，并在生态可持续性和城市融合方面树立了新标准。