绿屋/施瓦茨与建筑

绿屋/施瓦茨与建筑
The Green House / Schwartz and Architecture

尊重与创新并存：该项目的核心亮点在于其对原有建筑的尊重与创新之间的完美平衡。设计团队在保留原建筑设计精髓的同时，大胆地增加了空间，满足了现代家庭的需求。他们深知原建筑由弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特的门徒设计，本身就具有极高的历史价值和建筑价值。因此，设计中“不造成伤害”的原则贯穿始终，对原有结构进行了巧妙的延伸和改造。例如，通过抬高屋顶线，创造了新的车棚和下沉式家庭活动室，既解决了实用问题，又延续了原建筑的风格。

空间利用与光线处理：项目的精髓在于对空间的高效利用和对光线的巧妙处理。面对原建筑“蜘蛛状”的雕塑屋顶和受限的室内面积，设计团队通过巧妙的结构调整，创造了更宽敞、更明亮的居住空间。他们通过增加后部延伸，提升天花板高度，打开了黑暗的厨房和卧室。更重要的是，设计中融入了隐藏式海湾照明，延续了原有结构的节奏，并为室内营造了温馨舒适的氛围。天窗的设计也十分巧妙，在平衡了原有屋顶线条的厚重感的同时，也增加了室内的采光，使整个空间更加通透。

材质与细节的考究：该项目在材质的选择和细节的雕琢上也体现了设计团队的匠心。为了与原建筑的风格相协调，设计团队从原建筑的混凝土砌块墙中汲取灵感，采用了新的板型混凝土墙，使新增建筑既具有现代感，又与原有建筑融为一体。此外，项目中还回收并融入了定制家具，体现了对原建筑细节的尊重。设计团队力求让现代的干预措施焕发光彩，同时又保持着对原建筑的敬意。整个项目在细节上的精心打磨，使得建筑在整体上呈现出一种和谐统一的美感，实现了传承与创新的完美结合。

建筑师提供的文字描述在我们翻修和扩建之前，原来的房子是由弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特的门徒亚伦·格林设计的，由埃克勒住宅公司于1966年建造。1951年，Frank Lloyd Wright聘请Green担任其西海岸代表，使他能够在联合办公室之外继续独立执业。
Text description provided by the architects. The original home, before our renovation and addition, was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright's protégé, Aaron Green, and built by Echler Homes in 1966. In 1951, Frank Lloyd Wright hired Green as his West Coast representative, allowing him to continue his independent practice out of their joint office.

我们的主要设计任务是“首先，不造成伤害”。这句格言来自希波克拉底公元前400年的著作《流行病》，考虑到全球疫情的时间及其对项目成本和进度的影响，这将被证明是具有讽刺意味的。我们的挑战是保护住宅的设计完整性，同时增加大量空间，使住宅适合有三个孩子的年轻家庭居住。
Our primary design charge became "First, do no harm." This dictum, from Hippocrates' 400 B.C.E. text "Of the Epidemics", would prove ironic given the timing of the global pandemic and its impact on the project's cost and schedule. Our challenge was to protect the design integrity of the home while adding a substantial amount of space to make the home viable for a young family with three children.

Site Plan - After

这所房子几乎没有受到原主人的影响，包括回收并融入新设计的定制家具。这所房子位于一个旗帜地块上，远离公路，周围环绕着更传统的郊区住宅。最初的房子是1590平方英尺，有三间卧室和两间浴室，占地三分之一英亩。我们增加了1512平方英尺，总共3102平方英尺。当我们第一次在现场见面时，我们讨论了尊重原始住宅和景观完整性的重要性，其中有一个沿着场地中心延伸的景观洼地——这是一个独特的小场地的额外地形，鉴于该物业的高地下水位，我们很快就会发现这是必不可少的。
The home was virtually untouched by the original owners and included custom furniture pieces salvaged and integrated into the new design. The house is tucked back from the road on a flag lot surrounded by more traditional suburban homes. The original home was 1,590 SF with three bedrooms and two baths on a third of an acre lot. We added 1,512 SF for a total of 3,102 SF. When we first met on-site, we discussed the importance of respecting the integrity of the original home and landscape, which featured a landscaped swale running along the center of the site –a distinctive added topography for the small site and essential, we would soon find out, given the high water table of the property.

Design Proces

考虑到原版蜘蛛般的雕塑屋顶和排水口，这座房子已经是一个完整的想法，没有明显的解决方案来增加构图，更不用说将室内面积增加一倍了。我们的第一个设计举措是在跨中挡住现有的向下倾斜的屋顶梁，并在新的向上倾斜的屋顶下沿房屋的整个长度增加一个小的后部。这打开了黑暗的厨房和卧室，增加了新的更高的天花板，同时延续了现有结构的节奏，并为隐藏的海湾照明创造了一个利基市场，原来的光束曾经在那里运行。
Given the spider-like sculptural roof and scuppers of the original, the home already was a complete thought, with no obvious solution of how to add to the composition, let alone double the interior square footage. Our first design move was to head off the existing downward-sloping roof beams mid-span and add a small rear addition along the entire length of the house under a new upward-sloping roof. This opened the dark kitchen and bedrooms with a new higher ceiling while continuing the rhythm of the existing structure and creating a niche for hidden cove lighting where the original beams once ran.

此外，由于现有的车棚和排水口对于许多现代家用汽车来说太低，不再符合当地有盖停车的规范，我们抬高了前部的屋顶和排水口，创建了一个新的车棚，同时将该区域的一部分改造成了一个全新的下沉式家庭活动室，与原始的世纪中叶氛围相一致。
In addition, since the existing carport and scupper was too low for many modern family cars and no longer met local code for covered parking, we raised the roofline and scupper at the front to create a new carport while also converting a portion of that area into a new sunken family room, consistent with the mid-century vibe of the original.

Section

最后，我们在一堵新的板型混凝土墙后面增加了一间豪华卧室套房。从家里现有的混凝土砌块墙中汲取灵感，我们的新建筑从新墙后面露了出来——既有参考意义，又很恭敬。尽管添加了尊重，但我们希望屋顶有其独特的特点，天窗的轻盈平衡了原始屋顶线条的沉重。只要有可能，就可以透过空间框架看到标志性的屋顶排水口落地。设计策略是让我们的现代干预措施大放异彩，但要以“格林先生会怎么做？”的心态
Finally, we added a prime bedroom suite tucked behind a new board-formed concrete wall. Taking inspiration from the home's existing concrete block walls, our addition peeks out behind the new wall –referential but deferential. Despite the addition's deference, we wanted the roof to have its distinct character, with the lightness of the clerestory windows balancing the heaviness of the original roofline. Whenever possible, views through the space frame the iconic roof scuppers as they touch down to the ground. The design strategy is to let our modern interventions shine but with the mindset of "What would Mr Green do?"