健康星球学校/病毒。穆勒建筑师事务所

健康星球学校/病毒。穆勒建筑师事务所
Healthy Planet School / Vir.Mueller Architects

独特设计理念：该项目以“茧”为概念，打造出学前和幼儿园的安全学习空间。有机“单元”般的弯曲砖墙搭配圆形舷窗，围绕庭院编织成触觉环，内部的桦木胶合板板条与砖块形成对比，营造出独特的氛围。同时，混凝土圆柱体隐藏电梯，为光影游戏提供画布，露台游乐场环绕庭院，为孩子们提供安全的活动空间。这种设计既充满创意又注重功能性。

可持续发展实践：生态价值观在该项目中得到充分体现。建筑采用“捕鼠器”粘结结构填充墙，节省材料且提高热舒适性，降低空调负荷。外部玻璃用砖格遮挡，保护隐私和消除眩光，内部自然保持适宜温度。建筑充分利用自然光照，所有表面以“自然”状态使用，水被输送到污水处理厂后在授粉花园回收利用。这种可持续发展实践为城市建筑提供了良好范例。

社会经济影响：为期两年的施工过程为众多工匠提供了全职工作，客户和建筑师直接与熟练工匠签订长期合同，创造了安全的工作环境。这种基于工艺的建筑技术不仅在经济上具有可行性，还产生了巨大的社会影响。同时，该项目以经济的方式设计和建造，为陷入困境的城市建筑提供了乐观的前提，即谨慎和道德的设计可以修复城市生活结构。

建筑师提供的文字描述超大城市的强度，空气污染和环境退化是设计的先决条件，对创造安全的教育环境提出了特别的挑战。这个学前和幼儿园项目被概念化为“茧”，旨在成为幼儿早期学习的光明避风港。这些学习空间被组织成一组由弯曲砖墙组成的有机“单元”，中间点缀着圆形舷窗，在庭院周围编织了一个触觉环。
Text description provided by the architects. The intensity of megacity urbanity, where air pollution and environmental degradation are pre-conditions for design, presents a particular challenge for the creation of secure environments for education. Conceptualized as a 'cocoon', this project for a pre-school and kindergarten aspires to be a luminous safe haven for young children as they engage with early years learning. Organized as a set of organic 'cells' of curved brick walls punctuated by circular porthole windows, the learning spaces weave a tactile ring around a courtyard.

Plan

庭院内衬桦木胶合板板条，与砖块形成柔和的对比，作为内部的焦点空间占据主导地位——挂在帐篷里，从天窗柔和地照亮。本工程的主要材料为外露的混凝土柱和板，以及嵌入石屑的水磨石地板。一个混凝土圆柱体隐藏着一个电梯，为光影的游戏提供了画布，光环在其曲面上成为一种动态的存在。露台游乐场环绕着帐篷庭院，为孩子们提供了一个安全的空间，可以跑步、玩耍、野餐和沐浴在冬日的阳光下。
Lined with slats of birch plywood ñ a soft counterpoint to the brick, the courtyard assumes primacy as the focal space within - draped in a tent and illuminated softly from skylights. Exposed concrete columns and slabs, and terrazzo flooring embedded with stone chips serve as the primary materials for the project. A concrete cylinder conceals an elevator and offers a canvas for the play of light and shadow ñ circles of light become a kinetic presence on its curved surface. The terrace playground encircles the tented courtyard, offering a safe space for the children to run, play, picnic, and soak in the winter sunshine.

Section

生态价值观推动了设计，尽管客户明确表示，可持续建筑不应与获得任何认证混为一谈！该建筑是一座三层低层建筑，按照4区场地的抗震规范建造，包括一个钢筋混凝土框架结构，填充墙采用“捕鼠器”粘结结构。这大大节省了材料（使用的砖块减少了近35%）。内部从粘结处的空气腔中获得了极大的热舒适性，建筑的空调负荷非常低。
Ecological values drove the design, although the clients were unequivocal in their belief that building sustainably was not to be confused with obtaining any certification! The building - a three-storeyed low-rise structure, built to the seismic codes for a Zone 4 site ñ comprises a reinforced concrete frame structure, with infill walls built in a 'rat-trap' bond configuration. This enabled a significant material saving (almost 35% fewer bricks were used). The interior gains great thermal comfort from the air-cavity in the bond and the building has a remarkably low air-conditioning load.

所有外部玻璃都用砖格遮挡，以保护隐私和消除眩光。夏季气温通常超过45摄氏度（113华氏度），但该建筑的内部环境温度自然保持在32摄氏度（33摄氏度）。整栋建筑没有使用油漆。因此，所有表面——水磨石和砖地板、砖墙和混凝土柱和板、桦木门和栏杆——都以“自然”状态使用。该建筑充分利用自然光照，在白天使用最少的电灯。
All exterior glazing is screened behind a brick lattice ñ for privacy and for the elimination of glare. Summer temperatures are routinely over 45 degrees Celsius (113 F), but the building naturally maintains an internal ambient temperature of 32 ñ 33 degrees Celsius. No paint has been used in the entire building. Hence, all surfaces ñ the terrazzo and brick floors, the brick walls and concrete columns and slabs, and the birch doors and railings - are all used in their 'natural' state. Suffused with natural illumination, the building uses minimal electric light during the daytime schedule.

建筑中使用的所有水都被输送到一个小型的现场污水处理厂，经过最低限度的处理，然后在环绕建筑的授粉花园中回收利用。最重要的是，为期两年的施工过程为50多名泥瓦匠、木匠、砖瓦匠、电工和水管工提供了全职工作。这种基于工艺的建筑技术的社会和经济影响是巨大的。没有商业建筑公司参与；客户和建筑师直接与熟练的工匠签订长期合同，从而使他们能够拥有一个安全的工作环境。
All water used in the building is routed to a small on-site sewerage treatment plant, minimally treated, and then recycled in the pollinator garden that encircles the building. Most significantly, the two-year-long construction process offered full-time employment to over fifty masons, carpenters, bricklayers, electricians, and plumbers. The social and economic impact of this craft-based construction technique has been significant. No commercial construction company was engaged; the clients and architects worked directly with skilled craftspeople, on long-term contracts, thus enabling them to have a secure work environment.

在过去的二十年里，印度的快速城市化进程见证了设计水平和建筑质量的急剧下降。大多数建筑都是以ëL 1í合同体系为前提的，在这种体系中，最便宜的短期建筑成本似乎正在推动我们城市的发展。这个项目的设计和建造都很经济（最终建筑成本在每平方英尺42-45美元之间，包括所有建筑和室内设计），提出了一个乐观的建筑前提：谨慎和道德的设计可能会修复陷入困境的城市的生活结构，并释放新的美感和机会。
Over the course of the past two decades, the rapid urbanization of India has witnessed a dramatic fall in the caliber of design and the quality of construction. Most architecture is premised on the ëL 1í contract system where the cheapest short-term cost of building seems to be driving the growth of our cities. This project, designed and built economically (final construction costs were in the range of $42-$45 per square foot inclusive of all architecture and interiors) posits an optimistic architectural premise: careful and ethical design may yet mend the fabric of lives in beleaguered cities, and unleash new senses of beauty, of opportunity.