互动生活博物馆Yatiyawi/Samuel Hilari

互动生活博物馆Yatiyawi/Samuel Hilari
Interactive Living Museum Yatiyawi / Samuel Hilari

项目亮点：该互动生活博物馆 Yatiyawi 在多方面展现出卓越性。首先，它以重新引入夯土技术为特色，在城市蔓延中脱颖而出，成为连接过去与现在的独特存在。其使用泥土和木材等低碳足迹材料，既符合环保理念，又为教育议程增添了生动元素。而且，以约 30000 美元的低成本建造，充分体现了资源的高效利用和对当地劳动力的合理运用，堪称玻利维亚当代最大的夯土作品。

空间特色：博物馆的藏品丰富，空间各具特色。从“圣巴巴拉之家”的内部翻新到新街区的夯土墙和山墙屋顶，每个空间在纹理和颜色上都有独特之处，共同因素是对地球元素的运用。这种设计不仅赋予了博物馆丰富的视觉体验，还通过不同空间的过渡，为游客带来一场充满探索与发现的旅程，让人深刻感受到地域文化与自然材料的融合之美。

文化意义：博物馆代表着对当地文化和历史的传承与保护。它以“Yatiyawi”为名，体现了土著艾马拉语中的“教学”之意。通过展示已灭绝基金会的遗产，为儿童和成人提供了教育材料，成为文化传承的重要载体。同时，保留安第斯高地的本土树木，进一步强调了对自然环境的尊重和保护，为当地社区和游客提供了一个了解和感受地域文化与自然之美的场所。

建筑师提供的文字描述“Museo Vivo Interactivo Yatiyawi”旨在举办展览和研讨会，为El Getsemaní基金会提供新的空间，该基金会是一个与Tilata城郊社区的儿童和青少年合作的组织。这个社区是拉巴斯-埃尔阿尔托大都市区郊区的一部分，海拔约3920米。正在改变蒂拉塔景观的城市蔓延也可以用物质来描述，因为作为最近农村历史见证的土建筑正迅速被混凝土和砖建筑所取代。
Text description provided by the architects. The “Museo Vivo Interactivo Yatiyawi” is designed to house exhibitions and workshops, providing new spaces for the El Getsemaní foundation, an organization that works with children and adolescents in the periurban neighborhood of Tilata. This neighborhood is part of the outskirts of the La Paz-El Alto metropolitan area, at an altitude of approximately 3920 meters above sea level. The urban sprawl that is transforming the landscape of Tilata can also be described in material terms, as earthen buildings, witnesses of a recent rural past, are rapidly being replaced by concrete and brick constructions.

正是在这种背景下，博物馆试图通过重新引入夯土作为主要的建筑技术来改变现状，从周围的环境中脱颖而出，成为一个空间，在这个空间里，泥土和木材的物质是博物馆及其所在基金会所附教育议程的一部分。博物馆以最低的预算建造，耗资约30000美元，前提是提供足够的简单建筑空间，使用低碳足迹的材料，并雇佣当地劳动力。该项目代表了玻利维亚当代最大的夯土作品。
It is in this context that the museum seeks to make a difference with the reintroduction of rammed earth as the main construction technique, standing out from its surroundings as a space where the materialities of earth and wood are part of the didactic agenda to which the museum and the foundation that hosts it are attached. With a minimal budget, the museum was built with approximately 30.000 dollars, with the premise of offering adequate spaces of simple construction, using materials with a low carbon footprint and employing local labor force. This project represents the largest contemporary work of rammed earth in Bolivia.

Plan and section

博物馆的藏品主要由已灭绝的Yatiyawi基金会的遗产组成，该基金会自20世纪90年代以来一直在Tilata工作，为儿童和成人制作教育材料。“Yatiyawi”是指该地区使用的土著艾马拉语的“教学”。每个空间在纹理和颜色方面都有自己的特点，一个共同的因素是对地球的使用。
The museum's collection is mainly composed of the legacy of the extinct Yatiyawi Foundation, an organization that worked since the 1990s in Tilata, producing educational material for both children and adults. “Yatiyawi” means ‘Teaching’ in the indigenous Aymara language spoken in the region. Each space has its own characteristics in terms of textures and colors, a common factor being the use of earth.

博物馆之旅从“圣巴巴拉之家”的现有房间开始，这些房间已经过内部翻新和改造，在现有的土坯墙上涂上了新的泥灰泥，从而取代了以前的灰泥。旅程继续穿过一个较小的空间，其特征是用从附近距离现场约10公里的Achocalla山谷带来的灰色泥土制成的轻质土灰泥。
The tour of the museum begins in the existing rooms of the “Casa Barbara”, which have been renovated and adapted internally, applying a new earthen plaster over the existing adobe walls, thus replacing a previous stucco plaster. The tour continues through a smaller space, which is characterized by a light earthen plaster, made with gray earth that was brought from the nearby Achocalla valley, located approximately 10 km from the site.

最后，游客进入新的街区，这个空间完全用夯土墙建造，有一个由暴露的木桁架组成的山墙屋顶。光线从上方穿过脊两侧的聚碳酸酯板进入。该空间有两个出口，标记了一个纵向穿过该空间的中心轴。北出口通往一个露台，那里保存着安第斯高地的两棵本土树木Kiswaras（Buddleja coriacea Remy）。
Finally, the tour enters the new block, this space is built entirely with rammed earth walls and has a gable roof composed of exposed wooden trusses. Light enters from above through polycarbonate sheets arranged on both sides of the ridge. This space has two exits that mark a central axis that crosses the space longitudinally. The north exit opens onto a patio where two Kiswaras (Buddleja coriacea Remy), native trees of the Andean highlands, were preserved.