PAMM–迈阿密佩雷斯艺术博物馆
PAMM – Perez Art Museum Miami
PAMM建筑本身设计用于以多种形式表达混凝土原材料，因此选择了本土植物来展示我们景观的原材料，作为建筑几何结构的补充和对比。原生树木、灌木、地被植物和藤蔓从地平面跃出，与更为正式、垂直的绿色元素形成鲜明的对比。除了南佛罗里达州郁郁葱葱的泛热带植被外，景观物质性被解构以展示地球最基本的形态，包括道路、停车场和城市混凝土环境中的砾石。
Where the PAMM building itself has been designed to express the raw material of concrete in its many forms, native plants have been chosen to display the raw materials of our landscape as complement and contrast to the geometric architecture of the building. Native trees, shrubs, groundcovers and vines spring from the ground plane in a vibrant counterpoint to more formal, hanging vertical green elements. In addition to the lush pan-tropical vegetation of South Florida, landscape materiality is deconstructed to exhibit the Earth’s most basic forms, including gravel in paths, the parking garage, and in the urban concrete environment.
The PAMM sits closest to Biscayne Bay, within Museum Park. The Science Museum to the west shares stormwater management and circulation facilities, including the planted infiltration basin in the round-a-bout, and the pervious concrete plaza and bus drop-off.
PAMM’s waterfront landscape along the bay transitions from the ubiquitous and hardy coconut palms, to native hammock plants selected for high tolerance to salt wind and high wildlife habitat value, continuing the network of habitats along the Biscayne Waterline Promenade.
Wind and salt-resistant coconut palms form the first line of vegetation along the Bay. The recreated hammock includes lowland rain garden plants tolerant of saltwater inundation, ranging to upland hardwood hammock plants farther from the Bay.
Stabilized gravel paths throughout the native plantings provide accessible connections between the Museums and Bicentennial Park, ultimately connecting to Miami’s Waterline Promenade.
The view from within the newly-planted hardwood hammock includes several large trees that were preserved and relocated from elsewhere. The garden serves as a sculpture setting, with lighting designed to highlight the building, vegetation and sculptures as art pieces.
The reactivated Metromover station accommodates public transportation to the Museums, and transit riders have a front row view over the recreated hammock planting as it grows between the rail line and the Museums.
Classic South Florida dune plantings of railroad vine and grasses provide an attractive contrast to the hard edges of the building, and offer yet another native habitat to support local wildlife, illustrating our valuable ecosystems to the public.
View from the museum level deck and plantings, towards Biscayne Bay and Bicentennial Park. The hanging gardens and deck level plantings are composed of more colorful and exotic plants, while plantings trend toward natural arrangements of native plants extending outward.
View toward the museum at entry level deck with lush, shade tolerant material located below the generous shade slats. Hanging gardens are watered with recycled A/C condensate and captured rainwater. Plants were chosen for their high tolerance to salt air.
Lush plantings occupy three levels: ground/parking level, museum entrance deck, and the hanging gardens.
The view from the adjacent Metromover station shows the entry plaza composed of pervious concrete to permit the native Tamarind trees to thrive without supplemental irrigation. The drive’s round-a-bout features a decorative infiltration basin with live oaks and ferns.
This view shows the unique arrangement of parking below the museum. Elevating the museum protects art from storm surge, and allows for the combined services of parking and detention/infiltration facilities. The berms hide the cistern elements of the irrigation system.
The gravel parking garage surface is designed to slow and filter stormwater flow, encouraging infiltration and recharge, and maintaining the ability to quickly recover after storm events. This was a unique approach requiring special approval from the city.
The grand staircase from the parking level showcases plants in unusual, normally utilitarian locales, providing a glimpse of the unusual landscapes to come as visitors ascend to the museum entry deck.
The drive aisle at the parking garage level utilizes plants that thrive in low light conditions to provide ‘ambiance’ in surprising locations. Supplemental irrigation is provided from stored storm water and A/C condensate, as necessary.
The resulting landscape is a dynamic, multilevel profusion of color, art and green infrastructure.
该景观还可作为雕塑花园和画布，用于永久性和旋转式艺术展览，如名为“混沌比兹凯亚”的杰德·诺瓦特雕塑。部分细节丰富的雕塑花园提供了在景观中发现作品的概念，其他区域将提供传统开放空间装置的机会。自然的种植风格在整个地面和一级种植园中占据主导地位，从南佛罗里达本地人模仿建筑外的特有栖息地，到与建筑相邻的多种植物类型的混合，最后是车库和一级种植园中更具建设性的泛热带和异国情调的调色板。景观序列从博物馆大道开始，沿着新的科学博物馆和艺术博物馆，在地下停车场继续，在一个意想不到的位置展示了令人惊讶的植物材料，并继续在地面上展示悬挂的植被和雕塑花园内的发现。
The landscape also serves as a sculpture garden and canvas for permanent and rotating art displays, such as the Jed Novatt sculpture entitled Chaos Bizkaia. Portions of the richly detailed sculpture garden provide a notion of discovering works within the landscape, and other areas will provide opportunities for traditional open space installations. A naturalistic planting style dominates throughout the ground level and Level 1 planters, progressing from South Florida natives mimicking endemic habitats outside the building, to a mix of plant types adjacent to the building, and finally a more constructed pan-tropical and exotic palette within the garage and Level 1 planters. The landscape sequence begins on Museum Drive along the new Science Museum and Art Museums, continues in the underground parking garage with a surprising display of plant material in an unexpected location, and continues above ground with the spectacle of the hanging vegetation, and the discoveries within the sculpture garden.
由于它直接靠近比斯坎湾，艺术博物馆被要求高于规定的洪水和风暴潮要求，从而允许停车场位于博物馆下方。这一安排促进了前所未有的设计，将停车和种植床与灌溉系统蓄水、雨水渗透、临时风暴潮蓄水和蓄水层补给结合起来。创新的多孔地板停车场以及雨水花园设计用于收集雨水并将其输送至地下水系统，从而减少局部洪水和流入比斯坎湾的雨水径流。这最后一项创新节省了大量项目资金用于注入井。
Because of its direct proximity to Biscayne Bay, the Art Museum was required to be elevated above the regulated flood and storm surge requirements, which allowed the parking garage to be placed below the museum. This arrangement facilitated an unprecedented design that integrates parking and planting beds with irrigation system water storage, storm water infiltration, temporary storm surge storage and aquifer recharge. The innovative porous-floored parking garage, along with rain gardens, has been designed to capture rain water and funnel it into the ground water system, thus reducing local flooding and storm water runoff into Biscayne Bay. This last innovation saved significant project funds from being spent on injection wells.
正式空中花园的原始项目概念被扩展，包括使用节水、动物友好的本地植物材料，以及用于灌溉的雨水收集系统和空调冷凝系统，旨在减少对南佛罗里达宝贵淡水供应的消耗。在施工期间，十棵大型原始树木被移植并在现场进行了护理，并被安置在新的位置。这些大的西印度桃花心木、黑橄榄和开花的烟草树是所有其他植物材料的焦点和锚。人们选择了新的植物材料，使其能够在佛罗里达州南部的恶劣气候中生存。佛罗里达州南部可以交替提供咸水、大风、干旱和过量降雨。
The original project concept of formal hanging gardens was expanded to include the use of water wise, animal-friendly native plant material, in conjunction with systems to capture rain water and A/C condensation for irrigation use, which is designed to reduce the draw on South Florida’s precious freshwater supply. Ten large, original trees were transplanted and cared for on-site during construction, and have been placed in their new locations. These large West Indian Mahogany, Black Olive and flowering Tabebuia trees serve as focal points and anchors for all other plant material. New plant material has been chosen to be able to survive the harsh climate of South Florida, which can alternately provide saltwater, heavy wind, drought and excessive rain.
水平景观通过提供多种环境服务，在限制对宝贵资源过度使用的同时，对环境进行了轻描淡写的设计。虽然许多技术和可持续的创新对公众来说是看不见的，但它的设计也为探索自然和人造艺术提供了一个美丽而宁静的海滨位置。将来，砾石路和较小的种植园可能会被移动，以容纳一些艺术作品，而其他作品将是现场特定的。在景观中发现作品的理念将主导雕塑园。
The horizontal landscape has been designed to tread lightly on the environment by providing a multitude of environmental services, at the same time it limits overuse of precious resources. While many of the technical and sustainable innovations are invisible to the public, it is also designed to provide a beautiful and serene location along the waterfront to explore art, both natural and manmade. In the future, gravel paths and smaller plantings may be moved to accommodate some art while other works will be site specific. A notion of discovering works within the landscape will dominate the sculpture garden.
Landscape Architecture:
Frederic B.Stresau奖——授予2014年最佳展示行业绝对创新和设计卓越的优秀奖得主。
ArquitectonicaGEO
Vertical Garden Designer: Patrick Blanc
Irrigation Consultant: Sweeney + Associates
Landscape Contractor: Valley Crest
Design Architect: Herzog & de Meuron
Architect of Record: Handel Architects
General Contractor: Moriarty of Florida
Location: Miami, Florida, USA
Date of Completion: December 2013
Photos: Robin Hill, Julio Espana / ArquitectonicaGEO
Award: Florida Chapter of the American Society of Landscape Architects (FLASLA) Award of Excellence, 2014
Frederic B. Stresau Award – Bestowed upon an Award of Excellence winner that best exhibits absolute innovation and design excellence of the profession in 2014.
