美国陆地入境港
The United States Land Port of Entry
Coen+Partners:Warroad Land Port of Entry景观设计采用美丽经济的材料，反映明尼苏达州北部的方言和美国政府的尊严。该场地以水平景观干预为特点，旨在响应场地和区域的广阔地平线。
Coen+Partners: The Warroad Land Port of Entry landscape design utilizes beautiful and economic materials to reflect the northern Minnesota vernacular and the dignity of the United States Government. The site is characterized by horizontal landscape interventions designed in response to the expansive horizon of the site and region.
The project created a distinctive landscape that complements the architecture in a thoughtful and contextual manner, while addressing issues of sustainability and serving the Port’s security and operational needs.
现场平面图A树木：塔玛拉克树和松树B混凝土铺路：灯光和；重型C石板铺地花园D桦树E柽柳树F渗透区G草原草地混合H明尼苏达州主干公路313号I加拿大国家铁路
SITE PLAN A Trees: Tamarack and Pine B Concrete Paving: Light & Heavy Duty C Slate Flagging Garden D Birch Trees E Tamarack Trees F Infiltration Areas G Prairie Meadow Mix H Minnesota State Trunk Highway No. 313 I Canadian National Railroad
Preliminary Contextual Site Analysis: A Borders and Transportation B Wetlands C Vegetation
A-C景观设计师与建筑师和总务管理局（GSA）广泛合作，将建筑置于更大的场地环境中。这些初步研究图探索了整个现场设计布局，包括循环、种植、铺砌和结构方向D反映为已完成项目选择的总体规划。
A-C The Landscape Architect worked extensively with the Architect and General Services Administration (GSA) to place the buildings within the larger site context. These initial study diagrams explore overall site design layout including circulation, planting, paving, and the orientation of structures. D Reflects the masterplan selected for the completed project.
景观设计师与建筑师和GSA合作，将复杂的交通流通要求与建筑、场地设计、景观设计无缝融合，和种植策略。
A商业建筑B商业排队C一级检查棚D主办公区E二级检查棚F二级检查棚G公共停车场H员工停车场I出厂检验
The Landscape Architect worked with the Architect and GSA to seamlessly blend complex traffic circulation requirements with the building, site design, and planting strategies.
A Commercial Building B Commercial Queuing C Primary Inspections Canopy D Main Office Area E Secondary Inspection Area F Secondary Inspection Canopy G Public Parking H Employee Parking I Outgoing Inspection Canopy
Aerial construction photograph of building and slate flagging gardens in winter. American Tamarack, one of few deciduous conifers, was selected because of its endemic presence in the region, brilliant copper fall color, and interesting winter habit.
施工后立即拍摄航空照片。该遗址位于明尼苏达州北部的阿加西平面冰川湖和劳伦斯混交林地区。该设计的主要特点是针对整个场地和区域的广阔视野进行简单的水平干预。
Aerial photograph immediately following construction. The site is situated in the large, flat Glacial Lake Agassiz plane and Laurentian Mixed Forest region of northern Minnesota. The design is principally characterized by simple, horizontal interventions in response to the expansive horizon of the overall site and region.
入口港，夜间为北立面。在现场的大部分区域种植了天然草甸-草原混合植被，而湿草原和湿地种植则发生在渗透区和重建湿地的分层系统内。创新的水管理和处理系统被用于减少总径流和改善水质。
Port of Entry, north facade at night. A native meadow prairie mix was seeded through the majority of the site while wet prairie and wetland plantings occur within the layered system of infiltration areas and reconstructed wetlands. Innovative water management and treatment systems were used to reduce overall runoff and improve water quality.
入口港、北立面和湿地缓冲区。景观设计在帮助项目获得LEED银牌方面发挥了重要作用。除了可持续的水管理策略外，该设计还采用了耐用和低维护材料，以帮助降低维护和长期成本。策略性地使用本地和适应性种植，以减少75%的灌溉消耗。
Port of Entry, north facade and wetland buffer. The landscape design played an important role in helping the project attain a LEED Silver rating. In addition to sustainable water management strategies, the design incorporated durable and low maintenance materials to help reduce upkeep and long term costs. The strategic use of native and adaptive plantings was employed to reduce irrigation consumption by 75%.
种植设计融入了本土植物材料；选择基于设计效果、颜色和纹理以及耐磨性和维护要求。种植包括成排的美洲柽柳和白桦，本地景天的下垂花园，以及本地草甸草原、本地湿草原混合和湿地植物的播种。
The planting design incorporated native plant material; selections were based on design effect, color, and texture as well as hardiness and maintenance requirements. Plantings include rows of American Tamarack and Whitespire Birch, flagging gardens of native sedum, and seeding of a native meadow prairie, native wet prairie mix, and wetland plantings.
石板铺地的花园里种植着一排排的本地塔玛拉克。入口港的整体场地设计采用了反映明尼苏达州北部方言的美丽而经济的材料。简单、质感和连贯的形式是主要从车辆上观察风景的首要目标。
Slate flagging garden planted with rows of native Tamarack. The overall site design for the Port of Entry utilizes beautiful yet economic materials reflective of the northern Minnesota vernacular. Simplicity, texture, and coherent form were overarching goals for a landscape principally viewed from one’s vehicle.
夜间看到的北立面。现场设计创造了一个独特的景观，以一种深思熟虑的方式和上下文的方式补充了建筑，同时服务于港口的安全和运营需求。通过战略性种植创建确定的场地线、边缘和缓冲区，以加强场地流通、移动和监督。
The north façade as seen at night. The site design creates a distinctive landscape that complements the architecture in a thoughtful and contextual manner, while serving the Port’s security and operational needs. Defined site lines, edges, and buffers are created through strategic plantings to reinforce site circulation, movement, and surveillance.
A night view of the entry façade. The seasonality and unique forms of the flagging gardens present comfortable, engaging, and attractive outdoor environments for Port operations and create a visually compelling spaces for both employees and visitors to the Port.
景观设计师为道路和行人区选择了混凝土铺路材料，这是一个在颜色和纹理上与石板形成对比的耐用表面。大部分路面设计没有路缘或排水沟，以允许雨水更自然地渗透。入口港的所有建筑物均包含在重型混凝土路面区域内，能够承受大量和持续的车辆交通。
The landscape architect selected concrete paving materials for the roadway and pedestrian areas, a durable surface contrasting in color and texture with the flagging. The majority of this surfacing was designed with no curb or gutter to allow for more natural infiltration of stormwater. All buildings for the Port of Entry are contained within a heavy duty concrete pavement area, able to withstand substantial and sustained vehicular traffic.
主建筑两侧的西南花园。种植在原生桦树和景天中，这些空间形成清晰的边缘，突出循环和速度的变化，并帮助确定场地的不可占用区域。板岩是明尼苏达州北部一个采石场回收的副产品材料，补充了建筑的水平性，而植物材料则标志着季节性循环。
The southwest gardens flanking the main building. Planted in native birch and sedum, these spaces form clear edges to highlight changes in circulation and speed and help define the non-occupiable areas of the site. The slate, a recycled byproduct material from a quarry in northern Minnesota, complements the horizontality of the architecture while the plant material signals seasonal cycles.
白桦树和本地景天植物种植在石板花园。大胆的色彩和纹理向大北部中西部景观致敬；景天植物的红色和锈迹，秋天桦树的黄叶，树干的白色和石头的石板灰在秋天的日落中变得明亮和对比。
Birch trees and native sedum planted in slate flagging garden. Bold colors and textures pay homage to the greater northern midwest landscape; the reds and rusts of the sedum plantings, yellowing leaves of the birch in the fall, white of the trunks, and slate gray of the stone brighten and contrast in an autumn sunset.
Slate flagging garden with Primary Inspections Area beyond. The horizontality and strong lines suggested by the building’s materials are contrasted with and complimented by the textural layers of slate flagging and the softening influence of the plantings.
LOCATION
The Land Port of Entry site is located along the international border between the United States and Canada near Warroad, Minnesota.
SCOPE AND SIZE
陆上入境港设施支持美国海关和边境保护局的任务驱动需求。美国海关和边境保护局是负责保护国家边境、促进合法贸易和旅行的联邦机构。总占地面积超过13.3英亩。场地和建筑方案合计占总场地面积的81208平方英尺。其余的11.4英亩，或总场地面积的89%，已通过景观设计师的设计，使用本地和/或适应性种植进行了恢复。
The Land Port of Entry facility supports the mission-driven demands of the US Customs and Border Protection, the federal agency responsible for securing the nation’s borders and promoting legal trade and travel. The total site encompasses over 13.3 acres. The site and building program combined occupy 81,208 square feet of the total site area. The remaining 11.4 acres, or 89% of the total site area, have been restored using native and/or adaptive plantings implemented through the design of the landscape architect.
SITE AND CONTEXT
The site is situated within the large, flat Glacial Lake Agassiz plane and Laurentian Mixed Forest region of northern Minnesota. The context is naturally flat and surrounded by poorly drained peat lands which are dominated by bog forests of Tamarack and Black Spruce.
DESIGN PROGRAM
该设施的设计方案有助于管理一系列复杂的规划和运营问题，包括：边境安全；商业、私人和娱乐交通的现场流通；通过灌溉和维护降低长期成本和能源；和现场监督。
The design program for the facility helps manage a series of complex programmatic and operational issues including: security of the border; site circulation of commercial, private, and recreational traffic; long term cost and energy reductions through irrigation and maintenance; and site surveillance.
DESIGN INTENT
景观设计建立了一个功能性、创新性和独特的场地，反映了该地区和美国政府的尊严。当地采购和可持续材料的使用非常成功，并以现代、美观和成本效益高的方式完成。港口不仅反映了周围的自然环境和社区，而且反映了我们生活和工作的现代时代。
The landscape design established a functional, innovative, and distinctive site reflective of the region and dignity of the United States Government. The use of locally sourced and sustainable materials was highly successful and accomplished in a contemporary, beautiful, and cost-effective manner. The Port is reflective not only of the surrounding natural context and community, but of the modern era in which we live and work.
最终的景观已经成为一个非同寻常的环境，服务于港口的安全和运营需求，同时欢迎公民和游客来到美国。在实施干预时，我们有着清晰的设计愿景、现代美学和对细节的完美关注，同时实现了按时交付和预算内交付。此外，该设计策略性地借鉴和补充了区域环境和建筑结构，以深思熟虑和令人信服的方式呈现设施。
The final landscape has become an extraordinary setting serving the Port’s security and operational needs while welcoming citizens and visitors to the United States. The intervention was carried out with a clear design vision, modern aesthetic, and impeccable attention to detail, all while achieving delivery on time and within budget. In addition, the design strategically draws from and compliments both the regional environment and the building’s architecture, presenting the facility thoughtfully and compellingly.
Materials selected are durable and low maintenance and help reduce long term costs and maintenance efforts.
MATERIALS AND INSTALLATION METHODS
石板标记–石板标记的整体区域包围港口建筑，同时确定现场的不可占用区域。板岩是明尼苏达州北部采石场回收的副产品，既有本地的，也有可持续的。标志区和混凝土区之间的简单过渡形成清晰的边缘，同时突出了现场循环和速度的变化。标记的位置和细节旨在增强车辆内部的视觉体验，这是大多数游客通过现场的方式。整个地平面上标志的一致性和一致性为港口结构建立了一种独特的存在感和永久性的接地感。
Stone Flagging – Monolithic areas of slate flagging encompass the Port buildings while defining the non-occupiable areas of the site. The slate is a recycled byproduct from a quarry in northern Minnesota, both local and sustainable. The simple transitions between the flagging and concrete areas form clear edges while highlighting changes in site circulation and speed. The flagging is positioned and detailed to enhance the visual experience from within the vehicle, the manner in which most visitors will pass through the site. The uniformity and consistency of the flagging across the ground plane establishes a distinctive presence and sense of grounded permanence for the Port structure.
Site Paving – The landscape architect selected concrete paving materials for the roadway and pedestrian areas, a durable surface contrasting in texture with the flagging. The majority of this surfacing was designed with no curb or gutter to allow for more natural infiltration of stormwater.
All buildings at the Port of Entry are contained within a heavy duty concrete pavement area, able to withstand substantial and sustained vehicular traffic, whereas a Light Duty Concrete with a distinct saw-cut pattern was used for all pedestrian areas and walkways.
Site Furnishings – Custom site furnishings were designed and integrated within the surrounding architecture and landscape, including custom cedar and stainless steel benches, cedar and stainless steel ash urns, and bicycle racks.
The cedar site elements were treated with a stain to match the exterior of the Port building.
In addition to being beautifully detailed, all site furnishings met the service demands and program requirements for the facility – durable, resistant to vandalism, safe, and comfortable.
Site Plantings – The planting design incorporates native plant material into the site design; selections were based on adaptability to the region, design effect, color, and texture.
Growth habit, mature size, regional availability, and maintenance or preparatory requirements, were also considered.
Plantings include rows of American Tamarack and Whitespire Birch, flagging gardens of native sedum, and seeding of a native meadow prairie, native wet prairie mix, and wetland plantings.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND CONCERNS
The landscape design played an important role in helping the project attain a LEED Silver rating.
The site was designed and built using strategies intended to improve the performance of water efficiency, maintenance, stewardship of resources, and energy savings.
The landscape architect addressed issues of water quality and quantity through a layered system of infiltration areas and reconstructed wetlands.
The design also incorporates durable and low maintenance materials to help reduce upkeep efforts and long term costs.
Finally, the strategic use of native and adaptive plantings was employed to reduce irrigation consumption by 75%.
The planting design eliminated the need for any ongoing maintenance, with exception of the first two years, during which reseeding and fertilization is needed to establish a solid cover of plants.
COLLABORATION WITH CLIENT AND OTHER DESIGNERS
The landscape architects were part of a collaborative design team that addressed a complex set of operational and programmatic issues for the entire facility.
设计团队共同致力于解决以下问题：为主要室内工作区的官员最大限度地扩大整个现场的视线、改善水质、减少水径流、使用当地材料、使用本地和/或适应性种植、长期节能、地热加热和冷却，以及降低长期成本和持续的现场维护。
The design team worked together to address issues such as maximizing sight lines across the site for officers in the main interior workspace, improving water quality, reducing water runoff, use of local materials, use of native and/or adaptive plantings, long term energy reductions, geothermal heating and cooling, and the reduction of long term costs and ongoing site maintenance.
PROJECT RECOGNITION
The Warroad Land Port of Entry project has received a number of
honors and awards from the General Services Administration (GSA) and American Institute of Architects (AIA) for landscape architecture, architecture, and engineering.
“… [The landscape architect] was able to create an experience of moving through a native bog landscape, arriving from one precinct to another.
The materials from local quarries to the local woodland… [came] together in a very seamless fashion. The landscape architects were very keen at looking at the [existing] site and trying to magnify that experience.”
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Comments from Walter Hood, 2011 GSA Awards Juror
Landscape Architecture: Coen+Partners
Location: Warroad / Minnesota / USA
Text: Coen+Partners
Photos: Paul Crosby
