施瓦比希·格穆德

施瓦比希·格穆德
Schwäbisch Gmünd

文本A24 Landschaft:Schwäbisch Gmünd是德国南部的一个中型城镇，它设计了一个影响深远的城市重建过程，为城市带来了一个新的绿色心脏。这一综合性项目从结构上重新定位了市中心，包括其交通模式。历史城市结构被重新暴露，新的城市轴线被形成，广阔的公共空间被建造。一条新的林荫大道、一条绿色长廊、沿着旧城区溪流的小径和公共广场，以及运动场和操场，塑造了内城的新形象。A24的职责范围从规划整体城市发展概念到设计个别细节。
Text A24 Landschaft : Schwäbisch Gmünd, a mid-sized town in southern Germany, has engineered a far-reaching urban redevelopment process resulting in a new green heart for the city. This comprehensive project has structurally reoriented the inner city, including its traffic patterns. Historical urban structures were re-exposed, new urban axes were formed and expansive public spaces were built. A new image of the inner city has been forged by a new boulevard, a green promenade, paths and public squares along the old urban streams, as well as sporting areas and playgrounds. A24’s responsibilities ranged from planning the overall urban development concept down to designing the individual details.

Schwäbisch Gmünd

这条新格姆德河的一个标志是一个中央开放区的开垦：一条小河——约瑟夫斯巴赫河的超长出口，流入一条更大的河流——雷姆斯河。这个河口（德语中的mundung）是这个城市名字的来源。水上枢纽已经成为连接格穆德新开放区和现有开放区的纽带：位于火车站和老城之间，它连接了巴洛克式城市花园、Remspark、沿着约瑟夫巴赫的开放空间以及通往老城的通道，这些空间汇聚在一起形成了一个新的、宽敞的绿色区域。这些区域中的每一个都通向河口，为河口注入了丰富的水上关系和视角。
A symbol for this new Gmünd is the reclamation of a central open area: the long overbuilt outlet of the Josefsbach – a small brook – into the Rems – a larger stream. This river mouth (Mündung in German) is the source of the city’s name. The water junction has become a link between the new and the existing open areas in Gmünd: located between the train station and the old town, it links the old baroque city garden, the Remspark, open spaces along the Josefsbach and the passages to the old town, which converge to form a new, spacious green zone. Each of these areas opens onto the river mouth, imbuing it with a rich play of various relationships to and perspectives on the water.

这座城市的新中心是因为修建了一条交通隧道和随之进行的空间重新定位，其中包括街道的拆除和重新安置、建筑物的拆除以及新的城市发展轴线的创建和强化。水域可达性和重新开发的关键先决条件是将河床抬高至4米，并使以前陡峭的河岸变平。
This new center of the city was made possible by the construction of a traffic tunnel and the spatial re-orientation that accompanied it, which included the removal and relocation of streets, the demolition of buildings and the creation and accentuation of new urban development axes. Critical prerequisites for the accessibility and redevelopment of the water area were the raising of the riverbed up to 4 meters and the flattening of the formerly steep riverbanks.

B29曾经在四条车道上每天载客35000辆汽车，如今已被一条绿叶林立的银杏树林荫大道所取代，为Schwäbisch Gmünd创造了一个新的入口。新的城市发展轴线从火车站前院穿过Rems和Josefsbach的交界处，穿过重新开放的Ledergasse（德语中“皮革巷”）进入城市的历史中心。
Where the B29 once carried 35,000 automobiles daily along four lanes has today given way to a leafy boulevard lined with ginkgo trees, creating a new entrance to Schwäbisch Gmünd. The new urban development axes lead from the train station forecourt, over the junction of the Rems and Josefsbach, through the reopened Ledergasse (German for “leather alley”) and into the historic center of the city.

Ledergasse traverses the entire length of the Josenvorstadt, which arose in the 14th century as part of an early expansion of the city. Originally settled by tanners, the street became one of Gmünd’s main shopping streets in 1977 upon the construction of a major department

新的约瑟夫斯巴赫海滨长廊从河口开始，环绕着老城区，形成了一个绿色的圆环。通过水，它变成了一条雕刻的河道，变窄和加宽，创造出各种各样的视角和空间效果。街道层面的长廊部分位于修复后的历史城墙上方，通过一系列公共广场和游乐场将古城与河流相连。
The new Josefsbach Promenade begins at the river mouth and creates a green ring as it encircles the old town. By the water it becomes a sculpted river way, narrowing and widening to create a variety of perspectives and spatial effects. The part of the promenade at street level, above the restored historic city wall, connects the old town to the river through a series of public squares and playgrounds.

在市中心附近，为跨代体育活动开发了宽敞的开放区域。新的活动带沿着新的长廊延伸，并穿过铁路线到达Gleispark青年娱乐区。一个特别的亮点是Netzvilla：一个类似于多层别墅的攀岩架。与房子一样高，封闭的设备形成了复杂的三维结构，创造了一个近8米高的游戏空间。
Within the immediate vicinity of the city centre, spacious open areas were developed for cross-generational sporting activities. The new activities strip runs alongside the new promenade, as well as over the railway tracks to the Gleispark youth recreation area. One particular highlight is the Netzvilla: a climbing frame resembling a multi-story villa. As tall as a house, the enclosed apparatus forms a complex three-dimensional structure, creating a play space almost eight meters high.

内城的全面空间重新估价和城市发展——以前这里缺乏绿地——加上沿河有吸引力的开放空间和广泛的娱乐设施强化了城市核心，为周边社区提供健康的竞争，为传统城镇的未来提供可持续的发展。
The comprehensive spatial revaluation and urban development of the inner city – which had formerly suffered from a lack of green areas – along with the attractive open spaces along the water and the broad spectrum of recreational offerings strengthens the urban core, providing healthy competition for surrounding communities and sustainably gearing the traditional town for the future.

景观设计：A24 Landschaft Landschaftsarchitektur GmbH
项目：Schwäbisch Gmünd的城市发展
作者：Steffan Robel
地点：Schwäbisch Gmünd，德国
设计和施工期：2008-2014年
面积：14.6公顷
施工成本：1300万欧元
Landscape Architecture: A24 Landschaft Landschaftsarchitektur GmbH
Project: Urban development of Schwäbisch Gmünd
Author: Steffan Robel
Location: Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
Design and construction period: 2008-2014
Area: 14.6 ha
Construction costs: 13 million Euros
Client: Landesgartenschau Schwäbisch Gmünd 2014 GmbH
Image credits: Hanns Joosten
Text: A24 Landschaft