埃森大学公园酒店

景观设计 / 居住环境 2021-9-28 19:15

埃森大学公园酒店
University Park Essen

景观景观建筑:“埃森大学区”是在埃森市中心的一个前铁路站点上开发的,该站点已经荒废了近30年。通过振兴这个占地约13公顷的大地块,“大学区-埃森绿色中心”被开发为城市住宅和商业用地,广告标语“生活在市中心”。公园的中心位于市中心、林贝克广场购物中心和大学校园之间的新小区内,是开发的第一个可见部分,因此显著地塑造了该小区的新形象。开放空间遵循一种独立的设计语言,这种语言源于场地的类型和历史。
scape Landschaftsarchitekten: The ‘University Quarter Essen’ is developed on a former railway site in the inner city of Essen, that had been wasteland for almost 30 years. By revitalizing this about 13 hectare large plot, the ‘University Quarter – Essen’s Green Centre’ is developed as an urban quarter for residential and commercial use – advertised with the slogan ‘Living in the middle of the city centre’. The centricity of the park within the new quarter between the city centre, shopping mall Limbecker Square and university campus is the first visible component of the development and therefore shapes the new identity of the quarter significantly. The open spaces follow an independent design language, that was derived from the typology and history of the site.

University Park Essen

© Hans Blossey

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

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University Park Essen

© WAZ

University Park Essen

© WAZ

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© WAZ

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

University Park Essen

© scape

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Design Strategy

创新的公园设计总是对当前的生活方式做出反应。在过去,这些公园试图创造一个理想化的、与现实生活环境背道而驰的世界。例如,在18世纪,由于工业化的开始,人们经历了景观的巨大破坏,并以理想化、田园式世界的风格开发了公园。在21世纪,我们见证了基因工程打破了自然和技术之间的界限;同时,利用工程技术在仿生学中模仿生物学原理。年大学校园开放空间设计的灵感来源于对自然和技术的漠视。从该季度作为Krupp's住宅区的历史开始
Innovative park designs have always reacted on the current life style. In the past those parks tried to create an idealised counter world to the real circumstances of life. In the 18th century, for instance, people experienced a dramatic destruction of landscape caused by the beginning of industrialisation and developed parks in the style of an idealised, Arcadian world. In the 21st century we witness the dissolving of boundaries between nature and technology by genetic engineering; simultaneously biological principles are imitated in bionics by using engineering techniques. The inspiration of the open space design in the University Quarter in founded in the indifference between nature and technology. Starting from the quarter’s history as a residential area of Krupp’s

foundry workers, the technical framework of foundry technology (corner radiuses, chamfers and crossings without right angle, non-additive forms) is used to develop an independent design language. This means paths, street furniture, lawn areas, water basins are designed with round edges like in

foundry technology. All elements in the park – from plan view to detail –

follow the same design and create the image of a unique park .

Central promenade

周围的住宅和商业建筑形成了一个城市形象,使公园成为一个非常长、狭窄和放射状的形状。最重要的设计陈述之一是通过景点和路径关系的安排,因为公园区域形状特殊,对水池和各种娱乐活动的要求,以及预期的市中心公园的高使用频率。为了减少居民和公园使用者之间的潜在冲突,沿公园边缘提供了二级通道,以加强半公共性。主长廊位于公园宽敞的中心,并配有娱乐、运动和娱乐设施。这样做的好处是,可以在北部水上公园和南部草坪公园之间修建一条中央、开放的公共长廊,并减少居民的噪音。为了增强长廊的空间吸引力,长廊不是在一条轴线上设置的,而是偏移几次。“长廊场所”——吸引人的目的地——位于这些偏移点。狭长的水池朝向海滨长廊的浅水区,因此加强了方案的公共中心。长廊与周围地块之间通过草坪区和水池上方的行人天桥连接。步行街与大学城中心连接处的交叉点是一个开放、多功能的活动区,台阶很大。
The surrounding residential and commercial buildings form an urban figure that gives the park a very long, narrow and radial shape. One of the most important design statements is made by arrangement of attractions and path relations, because of the particularly shaped park area, the request for water basins and varied recreational activities, as well as the expected high usage frequency of the inner-city park. To reduce potential conflicts between residents and park users secondary paths along the park edges are offered to strengthen the semi-public character. The main promenade is located in the spacious centre of the park along with recreation, sport and play facilities. The advantage is the possibility of a central, open, public promenade between the northern water park and the southern lawn park, as well as the reduction of noise for the residents. To reinforce the spatial attraction of the promenade, it is not set out on one axis, but offset several times. The ‘Promenade Places’ – attractive destination points – are located at those offset points. The strip of water basins orientates itself with the shallow, accessible waterside towards the promenade and therefore reinforces the public middle of the scheme. The promenade is linked to the surrounding plots by a multitude of cross paths through the lawn areas and footbridges over the water basins. An open, multi-functional area for events with a large flight of steps is located at the crossing point of the promenade with the footpath connection university-city centre.

functional space and specific ‘Park Places’

为了降低从柏林广场到维霍夫广场的噪音水平,公园设施被分配到子空间。柏林广场的入口由一个城市广场确定。一片松散的观赏果树林形成了到约3.00 m低公园的过渡。在树林和主要活动区之间,公园的密集使用区位于公园内,有游戏区和日光浴区,还有名为“公园游戏”的“海滨广场”。Turmstraße公园的后续部分用于安静的娱乐,其草坪区域和水池以及名为“花园公园”的“海滨广场”。最后,在维霍夫广场公园的狭窄部分提供了座位设施。它们可以在名为“公园休息室”的“海滨广场”的树荫下工作。
Respectively to decreasing noise levels from Berlin Place to Viehofer Square, park facilities are assigned to subspaces. The entry point at Berlin Place is defined by a city square. A loose grove of ornamental fruit trees forms the transition to the approximately 3.00 m lower park. Between the tree grove and the main event area, the section of the park intended for intensive use is situated, with its play and sunbathing areas and the ‘Promenade Place’ called ‘Park Play’. The subsequent section of the park at Turmstraße is used for quiet recreation with its lawn areas and water basins as well as the ‘Promenade Place’ called ‘Garden Park’ . In the last, very narrow section of the park at Viehofer Square seating facilities are offered. They can be used to work in the shade of trees at the ‘Promenade Place’ called ‘Park Lounge’.

Diligent choice of material

材料的设计和选择有意地“技术性”。由于整个公园是用一个弯曲的网格建造的,所有可见的边缘和半径都是用一种非常简单的数学方法定义的。通过用倾斜的花岗岩板将道路区域(沥青玛蹄脂沥青)抬离基座,整个公园被视为一个同质的铁元素。这一设计特征在“长廊场所”重复,而长廊场所又被提升到道路区域之外。生物净水池由混凝土构件制成,并用沥青密封。由于地面受到污染,雨水无法渗入。周围场地的雨水排入中央水池并临时储存。通过中央抽油机,水不断循环。在这个过程中,水通过地下过滤器进行机械净化,也通过植物净化池进行生物净化。游泳池的水位保持在20厘米的恒定水平。多余的水被排放到相邻的小溪中。
Design and choice of material is deliberately ‘technical’. As the entire park is constructed with a curved grid, all visible edges and radiuses are defined in a very simple, mathematical way. The impression of the whole park as one homogeneous iron element is achieved by lifting the path areas (mastic asphalt) with sloping granite boards off the base. This design feature is repeated at the ‘Promenade Places’ which are, in turn, lifted off the path areas. Biological water purification basins are made out of concrete elements and sealed with asphalt. Infiltration of rain water is not possible, because of the contaminated ground. Rain water from surrounding sites are discharged into the central water basin and stored temporarily. With a central pumping unit water is continuously circulated. In the process, water is purified mechanically by an underground filter as well as biologically in the purification basins with plants. The water level in the pools is kept at a constant level with a range of 20 cm. Excess water is discharged into an adjacent creek.

Plants create character

The perception of space and character of the park is emphasized by a sophisticated use of plants with a minimum of maintenance. Plants create a distinct contrast to the technical elements and contribute significantly to the green character of the park, which is perceived very positively in public. To achieve a maximum of transparency and in accordance with perceived safety, no shrubs were planted. Existing sycamore trees mark the entrance at the Berliner Square. Strikingly flowering ornamental cherries, apples and pear trees are arranged as a grove west of Berliner Square. In east-west direction Japanese pagoda trees form the outer rows. The promenade is accompanied by

一些木兰。长廊沿线的“长廊场所”以皇后树、美国枫香树、印度豆树等大树为重点。维霍夫广场的公园入口主要是现有的梧桐树。红枫大道是轴心国大学市中心的标志。公园的北部主要是种植芦苇和鸢尾等沼泽物种的净水池,而公园的南部则是种植了草和灌木的狭长地带,将公园和周边地区隔开。在中央长廊的部分地方,有着迷人的多年生植物和鳞茎植物。
some tree magnolias. The ‘Promenade Places’ along the promenade are emphasised by large trees like Empress tree, American Sweetgum , Indian bean tree. The park entrance at Viehofer Square is dominated by existing plane trees. Red Maple avenues mark the axis University-Downtown. The northern parts of the park are dominated by the water purification basins planted with marsh species such as reeds and irises, in the southern parts of the park a strip planted with grasses and shrubs divides park and surrounding. In parts attractive perennials and bulbs accompany the central promenade.

Lighting concept for a high sense of security

假设柏林广场和维霍夫广场的两座独特建筑是夜间的重要地标,并且由于靠近住宅开发区,因此提出了一种不引人注目的照明概念,以满足安全目的。与白天的概念类似,出于噪音保护和安全原因,中央长廊是夜间的主要活动区域。因此,长廊灯火通明,通往两侧的小径有点暗,但仍然照亮道路。不同照明角度的直射光突出了“长廊场所”。他们有一个舞台般的角色,这也使他们在晚上有吸引力的地方。
Assuming that the two distinctive buildings at Berliner Square and Viehofer Square are important landmarks at night, and because of the proximity to residential development an unobtrusive lighting concept was proposed, that meets security purposes. Analogous to the concept during daylight and for noise protection and safety reasons, the central promenade is the main movement area at night. Accordingly, the promenade is brightly illuminated, the paths to the sides a bit darker, but still lit roadworthy. The ‘Promenade Places’ are accentuated by directed lights with different illumination angles. They get a stage-like character, which also makes them attractive places at night.

Although the implementation of the park is not completed yet and the construction of the surrounding buildings isn’t to start until spring 2011, the park – as a high-quality open space for the northern part of the city centre – is already heavily used by local residents, students and visitors.

Project data

2015年秋季第四阶段
landscape design 2007-2011;
implementation: 2009 – 2011;
client: Grün und Gruga Essen, as well as development agency university quarter Essen;
construction sum: 6.4 Mio. €;
size: 5.1 ha;
competition: 1. prize June 2007;
completion: 1st phase March 2010;
2nd and 3rd phase July 2010;
4th phase presumably autumn 2015

Landscape architects: scape Landschaftsarchitekten GmbH, Düsseldorf
Water management: Dahlem – Beratende Ingenieure GmbH & Co, Essen
Photos: Matthias Funk, Düsseldorf, Rainer Sachse, Bonn; aerial view: Hans Blossey, Essen

埃森大学公园酒店