以色列广场 - 园林吧

以色列广场
Israel Square

斯威克：以色列广场的位置损坏了两个世界的机遇和延伸：每天都有成千上万的人经过繁华的市场，茂盛的H.C.O.RestDS公园，哥本哈根人民在城市中心享受绿色空间。以色列广场位于历史悠久的城墙之上，该城墙曾环绕哥本哈根市，并于20世纪70年代重建为停车场，拥有北欧最大的地下停车场。这种身份不涉及任何美学或活动邀请——但它即将改变。
sweco: The location of Israel Square is rich in opportunities and stretches between two worlds: the bustling covered market where thousands of people pass every day and the lush H.C. Ørsteds Park, where the people of Copenhagen enjoy the green space in the middle of the city. Israel’s Square is placed on top of the historic ramparts, which used to surround the city of Copenhagen, and was in the 1970’s rebuilt into a parking lot with Northern Europe’s largest underground parking garage. This identity did not involve any aesthetics or invitation to activity – but it was about to change.

Israel Square

2008年，哥本哈根市议会同意对广场进行重大改造，以建立一个开放的空间，使哥本哈根市民能够在一个只有心灵参与的地方进行户外生活和活动。停车场已经不复存在，瑞典建筑师事务所创造了一个“飞毯”广场，现在与H.C.奥斯泰德公园相互连接，增强了广场与其周围环境之间的连贯性。“飞毯”的绰号来自于折叠的柔软波浪状表面，漂浮在离地面30厘米的地方。
In 2008 the City Council in Copenhagen agreed on a major renovation of the square in order to establish an open space that would unfold, open up and encourage the citizens of Copenhagen to engage in outdoor life and activities on a site where the only boundaries of engagement are those of the mind. The car park is gone and Sweco Architects have created a ‘flying carpet’ square that now interconnects with H.C. Ørsteds Park and enhances the coherence between the square and its surroundings. The ‘flying carpet’ nickname comes from the folded and soft waved surface floating 30 cm above the ground.

The new Israel’s Square

根据用途的不同，广场上塔架的光线可以从暗淡的散射光变为活动期间聚焦在特定区域的光线。沿着广场边缘，安装了小型LED灯，给人一种飞毯和盘旋表面的错觉。
The square has wings, as the southwest and northeast corners fold up and create sitting areas whilst covering the ramp from the underground parking garage. As opposed to the wings of the square, the surface runs downward as a waterfall in the southwest corner into H.C. Ørsteds Park and thereby blends with the trees that stretch into the square. Across the square, water trickles in a small creek, which continues into H.C. Ørsteds Park, where it ends in stairs created of three oval vessels completing the waterfall.
Depending on the purpose, the light of the pylons on the square can be changed from a dimmed, scattered light to one focused on specific areas during events. Along the edge of the square, small LED-lights are installed to give the illusion of a flying carpet and a hovering surface.

通过这种方式，以色列广场被设计成每个公民和游客探索城市生活的广场。
To create a space, that invites everyone, different features have been created on the surface of the square:
• Round holes in the square, which are filled with grass and trees and surrounded by benches thus creating green, urban hangout spots
• Areas, which invite the citizens to several activities: ballgames, skating, and playing.
• Stairs in the corners which can be used as an observation post from where you can see the activities on the square, the pulsating life of the Market place, and the beautiful green areas of H.C. Ørsteds Park.
In this way, Israel Square has been designed to be a square for every citizen and visitor to explore urban life.

The special connection of the square to H.C. Ørsteds Park

Sweco建筑师和分包商COBE一直致力于从广场到H.C.奥斯泰德公园的过渡。广场在公园上空延伸约7米，但由于它“盘旋”在绿树上，所以没有任何东西。广场上的洞被设计成将树木融入广场，而不是砍伐现有的树木。这些树木，加上一些新种植的树木，使公园似乎继续进入广场创造一个温和的过渡。广场和公园之间的通道是通过一个螺旋楼梯，在H.C.奥斯泰德公园，随着楼梯接近地面，楼梯变宽了。
Sweco Architects and subcontractor COBE have worked intensively on the transition from the square to H.C. Ørsteds Park. The square extends approximately seven meters over the park, but without touching anything since it “hovers” over the greenery. Instead of cutting down the existing trees, the holes in the square have been designed to integrate the trees into the square. These trees, together with a number of newly planted trees, make the park seem to continue into the square creating a gentle transition. Access between the square and the park is via a spiral staircase, which widens as it nears the ground in H.C. Ørsteds Park.

The challenges in the process

•Zahle的学校位于项目区域内。因此，在竣工期间，学校交通穿过该区域。校园现在是广场本身的一部分。
NIRAS was involved in all engineering disciplines in the full process from idea competition to the transformation of Israel Square into a coherent urban space. The project included several engineering challenges:
• The interaction between the square and H.C. Ørsteds Park needed to be built without damaging the existing trees.
• The square was built on top of a parking garage that could only tolerate a certain load. This led to limited space for drainage pipes, etc.. Furthermore, access to the parking garage had to be possible throughout the construction.
• During the construction phase, building activities on Nørreport Station required increased planning logistics.
• Zahle’s School is located within the project area. Therefore, school traffic crossed the area during completion. The schoolyard is now a part of the square itself.

Israel Square – a positive urban area

哥本哈根市科技与环境市长莫顿·卡贝尔（红绿联盟党）认为，这个广场将有助于提高哥本哈根的生活质量和社区意识。“十分之九的哥本哈根居民希望有一种充满活力、多样化的城市生活方式。新的地方使这一点更加突出。我们在市中心创造了一个可以玩耍和闲逛的空间，这是一件非常美妙的事，它可以替代市中心的户外咖啡馆和商业活动。在这里，你不需要花一分钱他在接受《政治日报》采访时说。
Morten Kabell (Red-Green Alliance Party), Mayor for Technology and Environment in the City of Copenhagen, believes that the square will help enhance the quality of life and sense of community in Copenhagen. “Nine out of ten Copenhagen residents want a vibrant, diverse, urban lifestyle. The new place adds to this. It’s wonderful that we are creating room for playing and hanging out right in the center of the city as an alternative to the outdoor cafés and commercial activities that characterize the city center. Here it doesn’t cost you a penny to have fun,” he said in an interview with the national daily, Politiken.

Landscape Architecture: sweco