佐尔韦林公园

佐尔韦林公园
Zollverein Park

Editor's note

后工业园区，如佐尔韦林、杜伊斯堡诺德和其他许多园区，总是带有一种后世界末日、反乌托邦景观的感觉。Planergruppe Oberhausen通过成功引入人体比例层，在设计中融入了这种氛围。不朽的工业遗迹和不断演变的先锋植被之间的对比，巧妙地构成了皮拉内西式的印象。
Post Industrial parks such as Zollverein, Duisburg Nord and many others always carry a sense of post-apocalyptic, dystopian landscape. Planergruppe Oberhausen managed to embrace this atmosphere in their design by the successful introduction of human-scale layer. The contrast between monumental industrial remains and evolving pioneer vegetation are masterfully composed in a Piranesi like impressions.

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Planergruppe GmbH：“在农村或城市中，有一些景观被遗忘和遗忘了——这是一片无人地带，动物和植物的生命仍然被隐藏，人也很少。前佐尔韦林煤矿的景观远离城市，难以到达，并用墙壁和栅栏进行保护。仅仅几年时间，佐尔韦林公园就出现在煤矿和焦化厂中。诚然，有结构性的变化，但景观设计师和他们的园丁团队最初并没有参与其中。尽管如此，甚至正因为如此，一切都是如此壮丽，同时又如此奇特。一个多方面的开放空间出现在一个独特的工业纪念碑周围——一个公园，有浅色的森林、深色的灌木丛、湖泊和开阔的空间，可以看到树荫遮蔽的小径。”
Planergruppe GmbH: “There are landscapes in the countryside or in the midst of cities which have been left behind and forgotten – a no-man’s-land where the life of animals and plants remains hidden and people are rare. The landscape of the former Zollverein colliery is situated away from the city, difficult to reach, and secured with walls and fences. Zollverein Park emerged over just a few years amidst collieries and coking plants. Admittedly, there were structural changes, but landscape designers with their teams of gardeners did initially not take part in it. Despite or even because of this, everything is ever so magnificent and at the same time strange. A multifaceted open space arose in the immediate surroundings of a unique industrial monument – a park with light forests, dark scrub, lakes, and open, wide spaces for sighting the tree-shaded paths.”

Zollverein Park

这是我们在1994年对佐尔韦林公园的看法。随后，佐尔韦林煤矿和焦化厂的区域得到了快速发展。Zollverein公园已开放，游客可以进入未经勘探的场地。2005年，我们将佐尔弗雷恩公园纳入建筑竞赛的理念将两种不同的观点联系在一起：认真强调被遗忘景观的现有特征和品质，为佐尔弗雷恩的新活动提供必要的新的、多方面的和强健的基础设施。
This has been our view on Zollverein Park in 1994. Subsequently, the area of the Zollverein colliery and coking plant took a rapid development. The Zollverein Park was made accessible and visitors were allowed to enter the unexplored site. The concept with which we took Zollverein Park into architectural competition in 2005 linked two different views together: carefully emphasizing the existing characteristics and qualities of a forgotten landscape, and making available necessary new, multifaceted and robust infrastructure for new activities at Zollverein.

Zollverein Park

我们对Zollverein的处理方法基于以下几个原则：强调建筑整体，限制景观设计，减少元素和材料，尊重现有，保护工业起源，游客获得空间，从一个封闭的工业场地到一个公共旅游景点的转变是可见和可体验的。Zollverein公园是在工业浮雕地形上发展起来的，并没有通过轻轻添加和分类来否认其起源。它通过清晰、简单的工业建筑形式和结构与各种自然植被之间的高对比度互动来保持其独特的卖点。Zollverein公园的形状和外观正在通过系统和持续的维护进行开发。
Our approach and handling of Zollverein is based on several principles: emphasis on the architectural ensemble, restraint in landscape design, reduction of elements and materials, respect for the existing, preservation of industrial origin, acquisition of space by the visitors, making the transformation from a hermetically sealed-off industrial site to a public tourist highlight visible and experience-able. Zollverein Park – which has developed on industrially embossed terrain and does not deny its origins by gently adding and classifying – keeps its unique selling point by the high-contrast interacting between the clear, simple forms and structures of industrial architecture and the variety of spontaneous vegetation. The shape and outer appearance of Zollverein Park are being developed by a systematic and continuous maintenance.

通过维护设计的概念，强调现有植被和免除任何大规模干预的温和方法是相互联系的。植被被赋予自然发育的时间和平静，对现有和未来植被的任何潜在干预都在非常谨慎地执行。因此，佐尔韦林成为了一个开发自己的特殊气氛和能量的地方。谨慎的保养和维护同时易于安排和实施，且成本效益相对较高。
The long-term concept of development by maintenance goes hand in hand with the gradual realization of the elements of Zollverein Park. Over a relatively long period, a forbidden zone develops to a park which is ready to get explored. It is not about establishing a museum-like industrial landscape, yet about composing a landscape with already existing elements; this concept consciously includes historical and current developments and signs in a credible manner and offers surface and room for future developments and purposes – open to interpretation and offering a pragmatic dysfunction.
With the concept of design by maintenance, the gentle approach to emphasizing the existing vegetation and to dispensing with any large intervention is linked. The vegetation is given time and calmness to develop naturally, and any potential intervention in the existing and future vegetation is being executed very carefully. Therefore, Zollverein became a place that develops a special atmosphere and energy out of itself. The cautious care and maintenance is at the same time easy to be arrangeable and practicable, and relatively cost-effective.

作为世界遗产，佐尔韦林对埃森市和鲁尔地区具有极高的辐射力和吸引力。前景是矿山工厂令人印象深刻的工业建筑。开放空间具有一种不引人注目的外观，创造了一个表面，对建筑产生适当的影响；他们补充了一个正式的框架，使网站的规模有形的集合。Zollverein公园是一个特殊的开放空间，其复杂的开放空间与矿山设施相结合，提供了独特的体验，并同样吸引游客和当地居民。游客被邀请单独参观公园。
With its status as world heritage site, Zollverein has a very high radiance and attraction for the city of Essen and the Ruhr region. At the foreground is the impressive industrial architecture of the mine plant. The open spaces have an unobtrusive look which creates a surface to take an appropriate effect on the architecture; they complement the ensemble to a formal framework that makes the dimensions of the site tangible. Zollverein Park is an exceptional open space, which offers a unique experience with its complex offer of open spaces in conjunction with the mine facility, and attracts tourists and local residents equally. The visitor is invited to individually discover the park.

Zollverein Park
Outdoor enclosure of the World Heritage Site Zollverein colliery and coking plant

Ter/Henri Bava（德国；2003)
Landscape Architect:
Planergruppe GmbH, Oberhausen, Germany
in cooperation with:
Obervatorium, Rotterdam (The Netherlands) – arts
F1stdesign, Cologne (Germany) – orientation system
Licht Kunst Licht, Bonn (Germany) – light design
on basis of :
Masterplan Zollverein by OMA/ Rem Koolhaas (The Netherlands; 2002)
Masterplan Industrielandschaft Zollverein by Agence Ter/ Henri Bava (Germany; 2003)

Project location: Essen/ Germany
Design year: 2005 – today
Year Built: 1. BA 2005 – 2006; 2. BA 2007 – 2009; 3. BA 2010 – 2014; 4. BA 2016 – 2018