北京分馆/Snøhetta

北京分馆/Snøhetta
Beijing Sub-Center Library / Snøhetta

设计理念与文化融合：北京分馆/Snøhetta项目以其独特的设计理念和对文化融合的深刻理解脱颖而出。项目位于北京通州区，不仅作为城市副中心的文化建筑，更是北京城市结构的延伸。设计团队通过国际竞赛获得项目，与当地合作伙伴ECADI共同完成，展现了图书馆在21世纪的新角色，强调书籍的实体性和阅读体验，与自然景观的和谐融合，体现了对传统与现代的平衡考量。

空间布局与环境互动：北京图书馆的空间布局巧妙地将自然景观引入室内，创造了一个开放、互动的学习与文化环境。图书馆内部的山谷和梯田山设计，不仅增强了空间的流动性，也促进了人与书籍、人与自然的互动。这种设计不仅提升了图书馆的功能性，也强化了其作为社区中心的地位，使其成为促进社交互动和知识共享的平台。

可持续性与技术创新：北京图书馆在可持续性方面的表现同样令人印象深刻。项目达到了中国GBEL三星级标准，通过减少隐含和运营碳，展示了图书馆如何应对气候挑战。同时，项目采用了模块化组件和合理的结构网格，减少了制造浪费，并集成了控制室内气候、照明和声学的先进技术。此外，屋顶的光伏建筑元素进一步体现了项目在可再生能源利用方面的创新。

建筑师提供的文字描述新图书馆位于通州区，通州区是北京的一个指定副中心，通常被认为是首都的东部门户。作为通州三大新文化建筑之一，北京图书馆进一步确立了该地区既是一个充满活力的地区，也是北京城市结构的延伸。它支撑着该社区雄心勃勃的总体规划，并将有助于催化其从相对不发达的地区转变为充满活力的艺术和文化目的地。通往北京市中心的新交通线路正在建设中，有望进一步将通州与城市融合，并吸引游客前往副中心。Snøhetta于2018年通过国际竞赛获得北京图书馆奖，该项目与当地合作伙伴ECADI共同完成。该公司目前正在美国的三个图书馆工作：夏洛特-梅克伦堡图书馆、远洛克威图书馆和威彻斯特广场图书馆。
Text description provided by the architects. The new library is located in Tongzhou District, a designated sub-center of Beijing that is often considered the eastern gateway of the capital. As one of three new major cultural buildings in Tongzhou, the Beijing Library further establishes the area as both a vibrant district in itself and an extension of Beijing's urban fabric. It anchors the neighborhood's ambitious masterplan and will help to catalyze its transformation from a relatively undeveloped area into a lively arts and cultural destination. New transit links to Beijing's center are underway, promising to further integrate Tongzhou with the city and drive visitors to the sub-center. Snøhetta was awarded the Beijing Library in 2018 through an international competition and the project was completed with local partner ECADI. The firm is currently working on three libraries in the United States: Charlotte Mecklenburg Library, Far Rockaway Library, and Westchester Square Library.

大约十年前，图书馆被认为是一种正在消失的类型学，因为数字化越来越多地使信息可以在任何时间和地点访问。为了恢复图书馆在21世纪的相关性，Snøhetta开始为图书馆的外观、工作和服务社区提供新的愿景。北京图书馆注重书籍的实体性，以及在风景如画的山丘、树木和通惠河中，有意识地翻页以接受文字作为主要体验。
A decade or so ago, libraries were thought to be a disappearing typology as digitization has increasingly made information accessible at any time and place. To reinstate the library's relevance in the 21st century, Snøhetta set out to offer a new vision for how it looks, works, and serves the community. The Beijing Library draws focus on the physicality of a book as an object and the conscious exercise of turning the pages to take in the written word as the primary experience amidst the picturesque setting of hills, trees, and the Tonghui river.

Snøhetta的联合创始人兼合伙人Kjetil Trædal Thorsen指出：“正是人们对书籍的热爱使图书馆在数字时代幸存下来，并拥有回馈城市及其公众的新潜力”。“我们有责任重新解释身体、心灵和周围环境之间的关系，重新点燃远离屏幕阅读的乐趣。图书馆将继续存在。”
"It is the love people have for books that has made libraries survive the digital age and hold new potential to give back more to the city and its public", notes Kjetil Trædal Thorsen, Co-Founder and Partner at Snøhetta. "It is up to us to reinterpret the relationship between body, mind, and the surroundings to rekindle the joy of reading away from the screen. Libraries are here to stay."

为了重新确立图书馆作为公共和知识生活重要支柱的作用，并使其不仅仅是一个书籍库，Snøhetta将该建筑定位为学习、文化和社区的中心。北京图书馆借鉴图书馆的历史渊源，寻找对时代和地点需求的创新回应，将开放交流思想和人文对话作为其核心目的。各处都有专门的展览、表演、会议和古籍修复空间。该建筑坚定地拒绝了图书馆成为一种被遗弃的类型学的论点，它创造了无数的可能性，通过培养书籍、人和自然景观之间的情感联系。Snøhetta亚太区合伙人兼总监Robert Greenwood表示：“图书馆在社会中的作用以及人们使用图书馆的方式发生了巨大变化。”。“现在需要它们作为充满活力的社区空间，实现社交互动和知识共享。”
To reestablish the library's role as an important pillar of public and intellectual life, and become more than a mere repository of books, Snøhetta has positioned the building as a center for learning, culture, and community. Drawing on the historical origins of libraries finding innovative responses to the needs of their time and place, Beijing Library makes the open exchange of ideas and human dialogue its core purpose. Throughout, there are dedicated spaces for exhibitions, performances, conferences, and the restoration of ancient books. The building firmly rejects the argument of the library becoming a derelict typology with the numerous possibilities it creates, by fostering an emotional connection between books, people, and the natural landscape beyond. "The role libraries play in society and the way people use them has vastly changed," says Robert Greenwood, Partner and Director of Asia Pacific at Snøhetta. "They are now needed to function as vibrant community spaces, enabling social interaction and knowledge-sharing."

这座玻璃衬里的建筑邀请大自然进入阅读空间，并在从外面看时为丰富的室内环境增添了透明度。图书馆的中心是一个近16米高的欢迎论坛，从论坛上沿着平滑、有节奏的曲线升起阶梯式露台。穿过中心的是一条名为山谷的蜿蜒小径，它是建筑的主要循环动脉。山谷反映了附近通惠河的河道，无缝地延续了远处的景观体验，并连接了南北入口，将游客带到了里面的所有其他空间。
The glass-lined building invites nature into the reading space and lends transparency to the enriched interior environment when viewed from outside. At the heart of the library is a sweeping, nearly 16-meter-tall welcoming forum off of which rise stepped terraces along smooth, rhythmic curves. Carved through the center is a meandering pathway called the Valley, which serves as the main circulation artery of the building. The Valley mirrors the course of the nearby Tonghui river, seamlessly continuing the experience of the landscape beyond and linking the north and south entrances to lead visitors to all other spaces inside.

从山谷中升起的梯田山旨在创造一个雕刻的内部地形，作为地面、座位和架子——一个非正式的区域，有机会放松、交谈或安静地阅读，同时与更大的空间保持联系。半私人的阅读区和会议室被嵌入到山上，而书架和桌子座位则设置在顶部的长而平坦的区域。这个中央开放区域是完全可访问的，并包含了世界上最大的图书自动存储和检索系统（ASRS）之一。
The terraced hills rising from the Valley are designed to create a sculpted interior landform that serves as the ground, seating, and shelving—an informal zone with opportunities to relax, talk, or read quietly, all while staying connected to the larger space. Semi-private reading areas and conference rooms are embedded into the hills, while book stacks and table seating are set on long, flat areas atop. This central open area is fully accessible and incorporates one of the largest book Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS) in the world.

在山谷的规模和书籍之间过渡的大空间上，是高大细长的柱子，它们蘑菇状地变成银杏叶形状的平板——指的是一种2.9亿年前原产于中国的树种。重叠的面板和填隙玻璃插入物形成了一个类似天棚的屋顶，用过滤后的日光淹没了室内。在这棵银杏树的树冠下，人们可以到达俯瞰书谷和远处广阔景观地平线的山顶。这种与周围环境和书籍中提供的想象世界融为一体的体验，让读者能够打造出这个地方独有的记忆。格林伍德说：“梯田式的景观和树状的柱子邀请游客抬起目光，在远处集中注意力，欣赏更大的画面。这是一个你可以坐在树下阅读你最喜欢的书的地方。”。“北京图书馆有一种代际品质，你会把你的故事传递给孩子们，并向他们介绍你喜欢的书籍。”
Punctuating the large space to transition between the scale of the Valley and the books are tall, slender columns that mushroom into flat panels shaped like ginkgo leaves—referencing a 290-million-year-old tree species native to China. The overlapping panels and the interstitial glass inserts create a canopy-like roof that floods the interiors with filtered daylight. Under this ginkgo canopy, one can reach the summit that overlooks the valley of books and the horizon of the vast landscape beyond. This experience of oneness with the immediate surroundings and the imagined world offered in books allows the reader to forge memories that are unique to the place. "The terraced landscape and tree-like columns invite visitors to lift their gaze and focus at a distance, taking in the bigger picture. This is a place where you can be sitting under a tree, reading your favorite book", says Greenwood. "The Beijing Library has an intergenerational quality about it, where you would pass on your stories to children and introduce them to the titles you've loved."

在建筑的南北边缘，入口处种植了真正的银杏树，山丘将视线向外聚焦，进一步加强了与自然的联系。图书馆通过将阅读、表演和景观融为一体来庆祝北京的自然和文化遗产。
At the northern and southern edges of the building where real ginkgo trees are planted at the entry points, the hills focus their views outwards to further enhance the connection with nature. The library celebrates Beijing's natural and cultural heritage by integrating reading, performance, and landscape together.

北京图书馆重新思考了当今图书馆如何应对紧迫的气候挑战，同时结合尖端技术来改善游客体验。该建筑通过最大限度地减少隐含和运营碳，达到了中国GBEL三星级标准，这是该国可达到的最高可持续发展标准。该项目既是其所服务社区的管家，也是其环境的管家。
The Beijing Library rethinks how libraries today can address the pressing climate challenges while incorporating cutting-edge technology to improve visitor experience. The building achieved China's GBEL Three Star, the highest attainable sustainability standard in the country, by minimizing both embodied and operational carbon. The project is as much a steward of its environment as of the communities it serves.

模块化组件的使用和合理的结构网格减少了建筑的制造浪费。对于银杏树柱，在整个建筑中，单个模块类型在9x9m的网格上旋转，在高效制造和安装的同时，给人一种多样的外观。这些柱子还容纳了控制室内气候、照明和声学的集成技术，以及从屋顶收集雨水，通过将其引导到绿色基础设施系统重新用于灌溉。
The use of modular components and a rationalized structural grid reduces the manufacturing waste for the building. For the ginkgo tree columns, a single module type is rotated on a 9x9m grid throughout the building to give the appearance of variety while being efficient to fabricate and install. These columns also house integrated technology to control interior climate, lighting, and acoustics, as well as collect rainwater from the roof to be reused for irrigation by channeling it to a green infrastructure system.

宽大的屋顶悬挑减少了玻璃幕墙的太阳能增益，玻璃幕墙目前是中国最大的承重玻璃系统，在不损害可持续性的情况下实现了重要的设计元素。为了进一步优化立面，该设计降低了东井和西井的玻璃高度，并使用了隔热低辐射玻璃。屋顶集成了光伏（BIPV）建筑元素，取代了传统的屋顶和立面材料，利用屋顶的主要阳光照射进行可再生能源生产。
Generous roof overhangs reduce solar gain on the glass facades—currently the largest load-bearing glass system in China—achieving an important design element without compromising on sustainability. To further optimize the facade, the design reduces the height of the glass on the east and west wells and uses insulated low-E glass. The roof has integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) construction elements that replace the conventional roofing and facade materials, utilizing the prime exposure of the rooftop to sunlight for renewable energy production.